Prediabetes: A High-risk State For Developing Diabetes

Prediabetes: A high-risk state for developing diabetes

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Introduction
Prediabetes, typically defined as blood glucose levels above normal but below diabetes thresholds, is a risk state that defines a high chance of developing diabetes. Diagnostic criteria for prediabetes have changed over time and currently vary depending on the institution (table 1).
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), high risk for developing diabetes relates to two distinct states, impaired fasting glucose (IFG) defined as fasting plasma glucose (FPG) of 6.1–6.9 mmol/L (in the absence of impaired glucose tolerance – IGT) and IGT defined as postload plasma glucose of 7.8–11.0 mmol/L based on 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) or a combination of both.1 The American Diabetes Association (ADA), although applying the same thresholds for IGT, uses a lower cut-off value for IFG (FPG 5.6–6.9 mmol/L) and has additionally introduced haemoglobin A1c levels of 5.7–6.4% as a new category of high diabetes risk.2
The term prediabetes itself has been critised on the basis that (1) many people with prediabetes do not progress to diabetes, (2) the term may imply that no intervention is necessary as no disease is present, and (3) diabetes risk does not necessarily differ between people with prediabetes and those with a combination of other diabetes risk factors. Indeed, the WHO used the term ‘Intermediate Hyperglycaemia’ and an International Expert Committee convened by the ADA the ‘High Risk State of Developing Diabetes’ rather than ‘prediabetes’.1,3 For brevity, we use the term prediabetes in this seminar to refer to IFG, IGT and Continue reading

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World Diabetes Awareness Day 14th Nov 2017

Tuesday 14th of November 2017
City Hall, The Mall, Waterford at 5.30pm
“Turning Waterford blue for diabetes awareness!!”
Tuesday 14th of November is World Diabetes Awareness Day and here in Waterford City, it is being celebrated by turning City Hall and 35 The Mall Blue.
Please join us to see some of our council buildings lit up in Blue, all are welcome whether you have Diabetes or not.
All of us know someone who has Diabetes and by talking about it and making people aware of it is, it will hopefully get people to get tested if they think they may have it.
World Diabetes Day was established in 1991 by the International Diabetes Federation to highlight this worldwide epidemic. The 14th Nov was chosen to honour Dr. Frederick Banting, co-discoverer of insulin in 1921. World Diabetes Day got very little publicity until 2006, when the International Diabetes Federation successfully advocated for the United Nations to issue a resolution on it.
Each year has a different theme. This year’s theme is “Women and diabetes – our right to a healthy future”.
What is Type 1 diabetes?……..
Waterford Diabetes Support was set up to create awareness and support any person who has either Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes or their care-giver in Waterford City and County.
This year The Mayor will invite all who attend into his Parlour to show his support for World Diabetes Day.
Pharmacist Brian Tynan from Phelans Chemist Waterford will also be on hand to offer free Diabetes Tests to people who do not have Diabetes.
In order to highlight November as Diabetes Awareness Month 2017, Liz Murphy Continue reading

Too much sitting linked to heart disease, diabetes, premature death

Like many people, I have a job that involves sitting in front of a computer most of the day. Because I work from home, I don’t have to sit through a long commute, and my dog gets me up out of my chair for walks a couple times a day. Still, a new study about the health hazards of sitting too much (or what researchers call sedentary behavior) has made me more conscious of how much uninterrupted chair time I’m logging each day.
According to the report, published in this week’s Annals of Internal Medicine, more than half of the average person’s waking hours are spent sitting: watching television, working at a computer, commuting, or doing other physically inactive pursuits. But all that sitting could be sending us to an early grave—even those folks who exercise up to an hour a day, say the Canadian researchers who did the study.
Their findings were gleaned from 47 studies that looked at the health effects of sedentary behavior. The researchers adjusted for other types of activity people did, from leisure-time activities to vigorous exercise. Over the course of these studies, people who sat for prolonged periods of time had a higher risk of dying from all causes — even those who exercised regularly. The negative effects were even more pronounced in people who did little or no exercise.
The health hazards of not moving much are wide ranging, says Dr. Joanne Foody, who directs the Cardiovascular Wellness Center at Harvard-affiliated Brigham and Women’s Hospital. “While we often think of the dangers of inactivity in terms of worsening cardiovascular health, there ar Continue reading

Can Chronic Dehydration Lead to Type 2 Diabetes?

We all know how rotten dehydration feels. But not only do we feel sluggish and cranky when we don’t get enough water — in this state, the body isn’t able to pump enough blood to the heart, brain, kidneys, and muscles, says Robert Rizza, MD, former chair of endocrinology at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. As a result, your organs don’t run well, Dr. Rizza explains. There’s even some evidence chronic dehydration is associated with diseases like chronic kidney disease and heart disease.
For people with diabetes, dehydration can be especially dangerous. That’s because it causes blood pressure to fall and the body to secrete stress hormones, like norepinephrine and epinephrine, which may raise blood sugar, Rizza explains. When you have high blood sugar, you will often need to go to the bathroom more, contributing to further dehydration and leading to a vicious cycle.
A study published in October 2016 in the journal Diabetologia found that recurrent diabetic ketoacidosis — a serious and sometimes life-threatening complication that can be caused by severe dehydration — is associated with a higher risk of early death. For people admitted more than five times for diabetic ketoacidosis over a median follow-up period of about 2.4 years, the risk of death was about 1 in 5, compared with a risk of about 1 in 20 for patients admitted only once over a median follow-up period of about four years.
Can Dehydration Lead to Diabetes?
Although dehydration can lead to serious health issues, not much research has looked at whether chronic dehydration — and the associate Continue reading

17 Herbs and Spices That Fight Diabetes

You can make your meals even healthier (and tastier, too!) while strengthening your fight against the diabetes-inducing inflammation in your body. How? We will look to nature and whole plant foods.
All of the herbs and spices listed here have anti-diabetic and/or anti-inflammatory properties and can be sprinkled on any meal to help reduce the chronic inflammation in your body. So when you're cooking your next meal, toss in some of the herbs and spices listed below. And don't be afraid to experiment in order to get it just right: By trying new combinations, you'll learn which herbs and spices offer the best flavors for your dishes and how much you prefer to use.
Basil (Ocimum basilicum) is that aromatic kitchen herb that reminds us of summer, Italy, and good eating times. It is fragrant in salads, soups, and pesto. In a study of herbal infusions of kitchen herbs, turmeric, rosemary, marjoram, oregano, and basil were the five front-runners in flavonoid content. And basil, specifically, lowers blood sugar.
Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillum) is the European form of blueberries. Bilberries are superior to blueberries because they are blue throughout, whereas our form is blue only on the outside. And the blue color carries anthocyanins—the wholesome antioxidants that fight diabetes, strengthen your heart, and lower inflammation and blood fats.
A study conducted at the Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition found that regular consumption of fresh bilberries (400 grams daily) reduced inflammation markers and improved glucose tolerance in people with features of metabolic s Continue reading