
Estimating Concentrations of Chromium and Manganese in Diabetes Patients
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Estimating Concentrations of Chromium and Manganese in Diabetes Patients
Serum concentration levels of both chromium and manganese metals are altered in people with and without diabetes.
Diabetes mellitus continues to be one of the most common endocrine disorders worldwide. The increase in carbohydrates, lipids and proteins leads to hyperglycemia, ketonuria, and other metabolic abnormalities. it is not uncommon that diabetes leads to microvascular complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy among other disorders. In addition, it is also known that diabetes, if left untreated may lead to more complicated disease states like stroke, ischemic heart disease and other cardiovascular abnormalities. The two different types of diabetes come into existence due to variations in insulin production. With type 1 diabetes, there is little to no insulin produced and the bodys immune system destroys the insulin producing cells found in the pancreas. This decline in insulin levels requires type 1 diabetes patients to inject themselves with insulin several times a day, as well as manage their diet and exercise. Type 2 diabetes, a disease state caused by several factors like overproduction of hormones and obesity results in a decreased release of insulin. Insulin requires chromium to activate the insulin kinase receptor. Doing so increases insulin sensitivity, glucose utilization and B-cells sensitivity. Manganese is an essential trace metal that is required in all diets to he
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