Why Are Fasting Blood Glucose Numbers High?
Stumped by high fasting blood glucose results? Join the club. "It just doesn't compute. When I snack before bed, my fastings are lower than when I limit my night nibbles," says Pete Hyatt, 59, PWD type 2. "It's logical for people to point the finger for high fasting blood sugar numbers at what they eat between dinner and bed, but surprisingly food isn't the lead villain," says Robert Chilton, M.D., a cardiologist and professor of medicine at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. The true culprit is compromised hormonal control of blood glucose levels. The Essential Hormones During the years (up to a decade) that type 2 diabetes develops, the hormonal control of blood glucose breaks down. Four hormones are involved in glucose control: Insulin, made in the beta cells of the pancreas, helps the body use glucose from food by enabling glucose to move into the body's cells for energy. People with type 2 diabetes have slowly dwindling insulin reserves. Amylin, secreted from the beta cells, slows the release of glucose into the bloodstream after eating by slowing stomach-emptying and increasing the feeling of fullness. People with type 1 and type 2 diabetes are amylin-deficient. Incretins, a group of hormones secreted from the intestines that includes glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), enhance the body's release of insulin after eating. This in turn slows stomach-emptying, promotes fullness, delays the release of glucose into the bloodstream, and prevents the pancreas from releasing glucagon, putting less glucose into the blood. Glucagon, made in the alpha cells of the pancreas, breaks down glucose stored in the liver and muscles and releases it to provide energy when glucose from food isn't available. {C} How the Essential Hormones Work in the Body When d Continue reading >>
Serum Post Prandial Glucose Level Less Than Fasting Glucose!?
Abstract Blood glucose estimation is the most common investigation in the medical practice in all disciplines. Altered values of blood glucose are very common in laboratory but here we are reporting the fasting blood glucose (FBG) more than the post prandial blood glucose(PPBG).This type of results are confusing for the consultants to make relevant diagnosis and treatment. Blood glucose estimation was done using Glucose oxidase method and tabulated the reports of 24 subjects with FBG more than PPBG in the period of 3 months along with estimation of Glyco-Hb for mean comparison in semi auto analyzer A-15.Here we are trying to explain the various factors which may contribute to the development of FBG more than the PPBG, methodology of evaluation of these subjects. Continue reading >>
- Postprandial Blood Glucose Is a Stronger Predictor of Cardiovascular Events Than Fasting Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Particularly in Women: Lessons from the San Luigi Gonzaga Diabetes Study
- Eating less than 1,000 calories a day for up to five months can CURE Type 2 diabetes
- Medical group cuts uncontrolled diabetes by 29% in less than 90 days
Blood Glucose | Michigan Medicine
A blood glucose test measures the amount of a type of sugar, called glucose, in your blood. Glucose comes from carbohydrate foods . It is the main source of energy used by the body. Insulin is a hormone that helps your body's cells use the glucose. Insulin is produced in the pancreas and released into the blood when the amount of glucose in the blood rises. Normally, your blood glucose levels increase slightly after you eat. This increase causes your pancreas to release insulin so that your blood glucose levels do not get too high. Blood glucose levels that remain high over time can damage your eyes, kidneys, nerves, and blood vessels. There are several different types of blood glucose tests. Fasting blood sugar (FBS). This test measures blood glucose after you have not eaten for at least 8 hours. It is often the first test done to check for prediabetes and diabetes . 2-hour postprandial blood sugar. This test measures blood glucose exactly 2 hours after you start eating a meal. This is not a test used to diagnose diabetes. This test is used to see if someone with diabetes is taking the right amount of insulin with meals. Random blood sugar (RBS). It measures blood glucose regardless of when you last ate. Several random measurements may be taken throughout the day. Random testing is useful because glucose levels in healthy people do not vary widely throughout the day. Blood glucose levels that vary widely may mean a problem. This test is also called a casual blood glucose test. Oral glucose tolerance test. This test is used to diagnose prediabetes and diabetes. An oral glucose tolerance test is a series of blood glucose measurements taken after you drink a sweet liquid that contains glucose. This test is commonly used to diagnose diabetes that occurs during pregnancy ( Continue reading >>
Post Prandial Plasma Glucose Level Less Than The Fasting Level In Otherwise Healthy Individuals During Routine Screening
During routine screening, some otherwise healthy individuals who showed remarkably lower post prandial (at 2 hour) plasma glucose without any symptom were subjected to extended glucose tolerance test and a few of them to extended post meal tolerance test as well. It was observed that post prandial (at 2 hour) plasma glucose after glucose administration was significantly lower than the fasting level (p<0.05−p<0.001). However, post prandial plasma glucose at 2 hour after their usual meal exhibited a significantly higher level than the fasting and post glucose level (p<0.05−p<0.001). Glucose appears to be a stronger agent than the more natural mixed meal in these individuals in causing post prandial lowering of plasma glucose. Hence, these individuals are to be evaluated with their usual meals before considering further investigations. Like upper limit, there is the need to have a consensus lower limit of reference interval of blood glucose level. Key words: Plasma glucose, Idiopathic reactive hypoglycemia, Extended glucose tolerance test, Extended meal tolerance test Full Text Selected References These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article. Continue reading >>
- Postprandial Blood Glucose Is a Stronger Predictor of Cardiovascular Events Than Fasting Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Particularly in Women: Lessons from the San Luigi Gonzaga Diabetes Study
- Eating less than 1,000 calories a day for up to five months can CURE Type 2 diabetes
- Medical group cuts uncontrolled diabetes by 29% in less than 90 days
Postprandial Glucose Levels May Be High Despite Normal Hba1c Levels
Postprandial Glucose Levels May be High Despite Normal HbA1c Levels Abstract & Commentary Synopsis: Postmeal glucose levels may be seriously elevated despite a normal fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c levels of less than 7%. Source: Bonora E, et al. Diabetes Care. 2001;24:2023-2029. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the plasma glucose excursions with meals, the relations between levels at different times of the day, and these findings with their relationship to the level of the HbA1c in noninsulin-treated type 2 diabetics. The UK Prospective Diabetes study made their therapeutic decisions based on the fasting glucose levels possibly assuming that good control in the fasting state would be associated with good control throughout the day. Bonora and colleagues wanted to know how frequently diabetic patients experience broad glucose excursions with meals. How much does fasting plasma glucose influence subsequent glucose levels during the day? How strongly are plasma glucose levels during the day interrelated? And, finally, is the HbA1c influenced more strongly by the fasting or nonfasting glucose? They assessed 3 groups of patients: 1) outpatients at their clinic (n = 371; 1 daily plasma glucose profile, which consisted of fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c, plasma glucose levels 2 hours post breakfast and lunch, and a before dinner plasma glucose); 2) patients at home (n = 30; 5 daily glucose profiles, as in the first group on nonconsecutive days over 1 month); as well as 3) inpatients (n = 455; profiles of plasma glucose on the day of admission) were examined. Subjects had plasma/blood glucose assessment before and 2-3 hours after breakfast, lunch, and dinner. HbA1c was measured in all the patients. After meals many subjects had glucose le Continue reading >>
- Postprandial Blood Glucose Is a Stronger Predictor of Cardiovascular Events Than Fasting Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Particularly in Women: Lessons from the San Luigi Gonzaga Diabetes Study
- Diabetic by HbA1c, Normal by OGTT: A Frequent Finding in the Mexico City Diabetes Study
- Gene therapy restores normal blood glucose levels in mice with type 1 diabetes
Two-hour Postprandial Glucose
Does this test have other names? Glucose, postprandial; glucose, two-hour postprandial; two-hour PPG; two-hour postprandial blood sugar What is this test? This is a blood test to check for diabetes. If you have diabetes, your body doesn't make enough insulin to keep your blood sugar in check. This means your blood sugar levels are too high, and over time this can lead to serious health problems including nerve and eye damage. This test is done to see how your body responds to sugar and starch after you eat a meal. As you digest the food in your stomach, blood glucose, or blood sugar, levels rise sharply. In response, your pancreas releases insulin to help move these sugars from the blood into the cells of muscles and other tissues to be used for fuel. Within two hours of eating, your insulin and blood glucose levels should return to normal. If your blood glucose levels remain high, you may have diabetes. Why do I need this test? You may need this test if your healthcare provider wants to see if you have diabetes or another insulin-related disorder, especially if you have symptoms such as: Frequent urination Unusual thirst Blurred vision Tiredness Repeated infections Sores that heal slowly If you're pregnant, you may have this test to screen for gestational diabetes, diabetes that can develop during pregnancy. Treating gestational diabetes reduces the risk for health problems for you and your baby. What other tests might I have with this test? Your healthcare provider may order other tests to confirm or evaluate whether you have diabetes. These may include: Fasting blood glucose test. This measures the amount of sugar in your blood. A1C (glycosylated hemoglobin) test. This measures your average blood sugar level over the last 2 to 3 months. Glucose tolerance test. This m Continue reading >>
- Postprandial Blood Glucose Is a Stronger Predictor of Cardiovascular Events Than Fasting Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Particularly in Women: Lessons from the San Luigi Gonzaga Diabetes Study
- Advice to walk after meals is more effective for lowering postprandial glycaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus than advice that does not specify timing: a randomised crossover study
- The Effect of Walking on Postprandial Glycemic Excursion in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes and Healthy People
Postprandial Blood Glucose Is A Stronger Predictor Of Cardiovascular Events Than Fasting Blood Glucose In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Particularly In Women: Lessons From The San Luigi Gonzaga Diabetes Study
Postprandial Blood Glucose Is a Stronger Predictor of Cardiovascular Events Than Fasting Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Particularly in Women: Lessons from the San Luigi Gonzaga Diabetes Study Diabetes Unit, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital (F.C., M.Tra., K.B., E.F., M.C., G.A., M.Tro.), 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Department of Public Health, University of Turin (A.P., G.C.), 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Diabetes Unit, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital (F.C., M.Tra., K.B., E.F., M.C., G.A., M.Tro.), 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Diabetes Unit, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital (F.C., M.Tra., K.B., E.F., M.C., G.A., M.Tro.), 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Diabetes Unit, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital (F.C., M.Tra., K.B., E.F., M.C., G.A., M.Tro.), 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Diabetes Unit, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital (F.C., M.Tra., K.B., E.F., M.C., G.A., M.Tro.), 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Diabetes Unit, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital (F.C., M.Tra., K.B., E.F., M.C., G.A., M.Tro.), 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Department of Public Health, University of Turin (A.P., G.C.), 10043 Orba Continue reading >>
- Postprandial Blood Glucose Is a Stronger Predictor of Cardiovascular Events Than Fasting Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Particularly in Women: Lessons from the San Luigi Gonzaga Diabetes Study
- Advice to walk after meals is more effective for lowering postprandial glycaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus than advice that does not specify timing: a randomised crossover study
- Early Glycemic Control and Magnitude of HbA1c Reduction Predict Cardiovascular Events and Mortality: Population-Based Cohort Study of 24,752 Metformin Initiators
Eur J Endocrinol | Mobile
Objective: Type-2 diabetes is a progressive disease. However, little is known about whether decreased fasting or postprandial pancreatic -cell responsiveness is more prominent with increased duration of diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between insulin secretion both during fasting and 2 h postprandial, and the duration of diabetes in type-2 diabetic patients. Design: Cross-sectional clinical investigation. Methods: We conducted a meal tolerance test in 1466 type-2 diabetic patients and calculated fasting (M0) and postprandial (M1) -cell responsiveness. Results: The fasting C-peptide, postprandial C-peptide, M0, and M1 values were lower, but HbA1c values were higher, in patients with diabetes duration > 10 years than those in other groups. There was no difference in the HbA1c levels according to the tertiles of their fasting C-peptide level. However, in a group of patients with highest postprandial C-peptide tertile, the HbA1c values were significantly lower than those in other groups. After adjustment of age, sex, and body mass index (BMI), the duration of diabetes was found to be negatively correlated with fasting C-peptide ( = 0.102), postprandial C-peptide ( = 0.356), M0 ( = 0.263), and M1 ( = 0.315; P < 0.01 respectively). After adjustment of age, sex, and BMI, HbA1c was found to be negatively correlated with postprandial C-peptide ( = 0.264), M0 ( = 0.379), and M1 ( = 0.522), however, positively correlated with fasting C-peptide ( = 0.105; P < 0.01 respectively). In stepwise multiple regression analysis, M0, M1, and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) emerged as predictors of HbAlc after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI (R2 = 0.272, 0.080, and 0.056 respectively). Conclusions: With increasing duration of di Continue reading >>
Why Fasting Blood Sugar Is Higher Than Pp Blood Sugar ?
Because in the beginning of the day the body secretes most of the hormones..to prepare the itself for the day. Among these hormones is gluco corticoids which raises morning sugars...this phenomenon is often called as "Rebound Sugars " or "Dawn Phenomena". In order to control this we need to have long acting insulin administered in order to avoid fluctuations. You can check this out by the following link Continue reading >>
- Postprandial Blood Glucose Is a Stronger Predictor of Cardiovascular Events Than Fasting Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Particularly in Women: Lessons from the San Luigi Gonzaga Diabetes Study
- Why Is My Fasting Blood Sugar High in the Morning?
- Fasting blood sugar: Normal levels and testing
Postprandial Blood Glucose Is A Stronger Predictor Of Cardiovascular Events Than Fasting Blood Glucose In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Particularly In Women: Lessons From The San Luigi Gonzaga Diabetes Study
Objective: The influence of postprandial blood glucose on diabetes complications is intensively debated. We aimed to evaluate the predictive role of both fasting and postprandial blood glucose on cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes and the influence of gender. Methods: In a population of 529 (284 men and 245 women) consecutive type 2 diabetic patients attending our diabetes clinic, we evaluated the relationships, corrected for cardiovascular risk factors and type of treatment, between cardiovascular events in a 5-yr follow-up and baseline values of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and blood glucose measured: 1) after an overnight fast, 2) after breakfast, 3) after lunch, and 4) before dinner. Continuous variables were categorized into tertiles. Results: We recorded cardiovascular events in 77 subjects: 54 of 284 men (19%) and 23 of 245 women (9.4%). Univariate analysis indicated that cardiovascular events were associated with increasing age, longer diabetes duration, and higher HbA1c and fibrinogen in men, and higher systolic blood pressure, albumin excretion rate, HbA1c, and all blood glucose values in women. Smoking was more frequent in subjects with events. When all blood glucose values and HbA1c were introduced simultaneously in the models, only blood glucose after lunch predicted cardiovascular events, with hazard ratio of the third tertile vs. the first and the second tertiles greater in women (5.54; confidence interval, 1.45–21.20) than in men (2.12; confidence interval, 1.04–4.32; P < 0.01). Conclusions: Postprandial, but not fasting, blood glucose is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes, with a stronger predictive power in women than in men, suggesting that more attention should be paid to postprandial hyperglycemia, particular Continue reading >>
- Postprandial Blood Glucose Is a Stronger Predictor of Cardiovascular Events Than Fasting Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Particularly in Women: Lessons from the San Luigi Gonzaga Diabetes Study
- Advice to walk after meals is more effective for lowering postprandial glycaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus than advice that does not specify timing: a randomised crossover study
- Early Glycemic Control and Magnitude of HbA1c Reduction Predict Cardiovascular Events and Mortality: Population-Based Cohort Study of 24,752 Metformin Initiators
Is It Possible For Fasting Blood Glucose To Be Higher Than Post Prandial Blood Glucose?
Sympler, Your Health Buddy says, Regarding blood sugar levels, if a patient is diabetic and if she is on oral medication for diabetes, the sugar levels can be as have you stated (fasting blood sugar level more than the post prandial blood sugar). This happens because most of the anti-diabetic medications are taken either with or before breakfast. If the patient is not a diabetic, as soon as she takes the breakfast, it will act as a stimulant to produce insulin in the body and that will bring down the post prandial blood sugar level (PP). Normal diet can be 2 or 3 doses, chapatis or rotis, in which the blood glucose level will be lower than 75 grams of direct glucose. This direct glucose might also increase the sugar level to 260. Another scenario for increase in sugar after empty stomach will be because of the hormone called glucagon, which will induce glycogenolysis and neoglucogenesis in the body when the sugar levels are very low. In this mechanism, the stored glycogen or lipids will be converted into glucose, thus increasing the blood sugar level. Consult a diabetologist for further clarifications. You can watch more content on Health related issues and also talk to the doctors and consult the doctor online on your phone only on SYMPLER. HealthMir is the first Indian AI driven Indian Health App that interacts with the user in real-time to diagnose the symptoms. Video content library, health content and online consultation is also available on the App. To download the App clicking on the link below: “Hindi Version of SYMPLER - Available now” If u want more content like this then follow our page “Healthmir” Continue reading >>
- Postprandial Blood Glucose Is a Stronger Predictor of Cardiovascular Events Than Fasting Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Particularly in Women: Lessons from the San Luigi Gonzaga Diabetes Study
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Why Is Blood Sugar Highest In The Morning?
Many people with diabetes find that their fasting blood sugar first thing in the morning is the hardest blood sugar to control. In addition, they find that if they eat the same food for breakfast as they do for lunch or dinner they will see a much higher blood sugar number when testing after breakfast than they see at the other meals. The reason for this is a normal alteration in hormones experienced by many people not just people with diabetes. It is called "Dawn Phenomenon." What Causes Dawn Phenomenon? The body prepares for waking up by secreting several different hormones. First, between 4:00 and 6:30 a.m. it secretes cortisol, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. You may recognize these as the hormones involved in the "fight or flight response." In this case, their job is more benign, to give you the energy to get up and moving so you can find the food your body needs for energy. To help you do this, these hormones also raise your blood sugar. After a long night's sleep, the fuel your body turns to to get you going is the glucose stored in the liver. So after these stress hormones are secreted, around 5:30 a.m., plasma glucose rises. In a person with normal blood sugar, insulin will also start to rise at this time but many people with diabetes won't experience the corresponding rise in insulin. So instead of giving their cells a dose of morning energy, all they get is a rise in blood sugar. Not Everyone Experiences Dawn Phenomenon Researchers who have infused different hormones into experimental subjects have found that the trigger for dawn phenomenon is a nocturnal surge in growth hormone. If they block the growth hormone, blood sugars stay flat. This may explain why some people, particularly older people, do not experience a rise in blood sugar first thing in the mor Continue reading >>
Q. My Mother's Fasting Sugar Is Higher Than The Post Prandial Sugar. Why Is This Happening?
Hello doctor, My mother's fasting sugar is higher than the post prandial sugar (130 and 115 respectively). She had normal diet only. And also, 2 hours after taking 75 grams of glucose, without any work, the sugar level is 260. Why is this happening? Continue reading >>
- Postprandial Blood Glucose Is a Stronger Predictor of Cardiovascular Events Than Fasting Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Particularly in Women: Lessons from the San Luigi Gonzaga Diabetes Study
- Why Is My Fasting Blood Sugar High in the Morning?
- Lack of sleep tied to higher risk of diabetes in kids
Point: Postprandial Glucose Levels Are A Clinically Important Treatment Target
The results of the Nateglinide And Valsartan in Impaired Glucose Tolerance Outcomes Research (NAVIGATOR) trial have been recently reported (1–2). Nateglinide, a member of the meglitinide class, which has been shown to lower postprandial hyperglycemia by increasing the first phase of insulin secretion, was not effective in decreasing both the new cases of diabetes and the new cardiovascular events in a population at high risk (1). Valsartan, an angiotensin (AT-1) blocker, was ineffective on cardiovascular events but significantly—even marginally—reduced the onset of new diabetes (2). The negative results of nateglinide immediately raised the concern about the possibility that postprandial hyperglycemia could be considered an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and whether its treatment may give any advantage in the management of diabetes (3). Diabetologists have long debated whether the lack of insulin action (insulin resistance) or impaired insulin secretion represents the primary pathological mechanism underlying type 2 diabetes. Recent analyses confirm that impaired pancreatic β-cell glucose sensitivity and whole-body insulin sensitivity are strong predictors of a progression to hyperglycemia (4). Conversely, numerous studies have shown that acute insulin secretion defects represent a powerful early predictor of diabetes progression. During the progression from normal glucose tolerance to increasingly severe type 2 diabetes, first-phase insulin secretion (FPIS) is an early casualty. Prior to the diagnosis of diabetes, insulin response to mealtime glucose becomes delayed and blunted; eventually, it is lost (5). In a landmark study, Polonsky et al. (5) showed that FPIS responses were more sluggish and less dramatic in diabetic individuals. In Continue reading >>
- Postprandial Blood Glucose Is a Stronger Predictor of Cardiovascular Events Than Fasting Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Particularly in Women: Lessons from the San Luigi Gonzaga Diabetes Study
- The gut microbiome as a target for prevention and treatment of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes: from current human evidence to future possibilities
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Post Prandial Plasma Glucose Level Less Than The Fasting Level In Otherwise Healthy Individuals During Routine Screening
Post prandial plasma glucose level less than the fasting level in otherwise healthy individuals during routine screening During routine screening, some otherwise healthy individuals who showed remarkably lower post prandial (at 2 hour) plasma glucose without any symptom were subjected to extended glucose tolerance test and a few of them to extended post meal tolerance test as well. It was observed that post prandial (at 2 hour) plasma glucose after glucose administration was significantly lower than the fasting level (p<0.05p<0.001). However, post prandial plasma glucose at 2 hour after their usual meal exhibited a significantly higher level than the fasting and post glucose level (p<0.05p<0.001). Glucose appears to be a stronger agent than the more natural mixed meal in these individuals in causing post prandial lowering of plasma glucose. Hence, these individuals are to be evaluated with their usual meals before considering further investigations. Like upper limit, there is the need to have a consensus lower limit of reference interval of blood glucose level. Plasma glucoseIdiopathic reactive hypoglycemiaExtended glucose tolerance testExtended meal tolerance test This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access Charles, M.A., Hofeldt, F., Shackelford, A., Waldeck, N., Dodson, L.E., Bunker, J.D., Coggins, J.T. and Eichner, H. (1981) Comparison of oral glucose tolerance tests and mixed meals in patients with apparent idiopathic postabsorptive hypoglycaemiaabsence of hypoglycaemia after meals. Diabetes. 30, 465470 PubMed CrossRef Google Scholar Hogan, M.J., Service, F.J., Sharbrough, F.W. and Gerich, J.E. (1983) Oral glucose tolerance test compared with mixed meal in the diagnosis of reactive hypoglycaemia. A caveat on stimulation. Mayo Clin. Proc. 1983 Continue reading >>
- Postprandial Blood Glucose Is a Stronger Predictor of Cardiovascular Events Than Fasting Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Particularly in Women: Lessons from the San Luigi Gonzaga Diabetes Study
- Eating less than 1,000 calories a day for up to five months can CURE Type 2 diabetes
- Medical group cuts uncontrolled diabetes by 29% in less than 90 days
