Who Diabetes Guidelines 2017

Can You Control Type Ii Diabetes With Diet?

Control Type II Diabetes With Diet If you eat more carbohydrates than your insulin supply can handle, your blood sugar level goes up. If you eat too little, your blood sugar level may fall too low. You can manage these shifts by knowing how to count carbs. A registered dietitian can help you figure out a carbohydrate counting plan that meets your specific needs. For adults, a typical plan includes two to four carb servings at each meal, and one to two as snacks. Anyone can use carb counting. It’s most useful for people who take more than one daily injection of insulin, use the insulin pump, or want more flexibility and variety in their food choices. You get fiber from plant foods -- fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, beans, and legumes. It helps with digestion and blood sugar control. You feel fuller, so you eat less, which is a plus if you need to lose weight. It’s best to get fiber from food. But if you can’t get enough, then taking fiber supplements can help. Examples include psyllium, methylcellulose, wheat dextrin, and calcium polycarbophil. If you take a fiber supplement, increase the amount you take slowly. This can help prevent gas and cramping. It’s also important to drink enough liquids when you increase your fiber intake. Avoid trans fats, which are bad for your heart. Check the ingredients list for "partially hydrogenated" oils. Also, know that if a product says "0 grams trans fat," it may actually have up to half a gram of trans fat per serving. Herbs and spices improve the natural flavors in food without using salt. Make these mixtures to use for meats, poultry, fish, vegetables, soups, and salads. Starchy vegetables that are good sources of nutrients like vitamin C, and that are higher in carbohydrates than green vegetables, but lower in carb Continue reading >>

What Blood Sugar Range Is Considered Normal For A 65-year-old Male?

Normal blood sugar (glucose) is the same irrespective of gender or adult age. Frequently treatment goals are confused with the normal values which define whether one is normal, has Prediabetes, or Diabetes. Also the answer varies between fasting blood sugar or post-prandial (after eating). So with that preamble: Normal fasting blood sugar is 60–99 mg/dL Normal post- prandial blood sugar is < 140 Prediabetes (fasting) 100–125 Prediabetes (postprandial) 140–199 Diabetes (fasting) > 125 (on 2 separate occasions) Diabetes (postprandial) = or > 200 (on 2 separate occasions unless uniquely high or accompanied by classic diabetes symptoms) Also the Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) can be used for diagnosis. This represents a measure of the average blood sugar over the last 3 months. Normal is <5.6% Prediabetes 5.6–6.4% Diabetes >6.4% Treatment goal align with these numbers align but are not the same as the normal numbers, and differ between the ADA (American Diabetes Assn), AACE (American Assn of Clinical Endocrinologists) and the European societies. However the goals are relaxed when someone is older, sicker, more impaired or fragile due to the risks of hypoglycemia- especially if treating with sulfonylureas or insulin. Continue reading >>

2. Classification And Diagnosis Of Diabetes

Diabetes can be classified into the following general categories: Type 1 diabetes (due to autoimmune β-cell destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency) Type 2 diabetes (due to a progressive loss of β-cell insulin secretion frequently on the background of insulin resistance) Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (diabetes diagnosed in the second or third trimester of pregnancy that was not clearly overt diabetes prior to gestation) Specific types of diabetes due to other causes, e.g., monogenic diabetes syndromes (such as neonatal diabetes and maturity-onset diabetes of the young [MODY]), diseases of the exocrine pancreas (such as cystic fibrosis), and drug- or chemical-induced diabetes (such as with glucocorticoid use, in the treatment of HIV/AIDS, or after organ transplantation) This section reviews most common forms of diabetes but is not comprehensive. For additional information, see the American Diabetes Association (ADA) position statement “Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus” (1). Type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes are heterogeneous diseases in which clinical presentation and disease progression may vary considerably. Classification is important for determining therapy, but some individuals cannot be clearly classified as having type 1 or type 2 diabetes at the time of diagnosis. The traditional paradigms of type 2 diabetes occurring only in adults and type 1 diabetes only in children are no longer accurate, as both diseases occur in both cohorts. Occasionally, patients with type 2 diabetes may present with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), particularly ethnic minorities (2). Children with type 1 diabetes typically present with the hallmark symptoms of polyuria/polydipsia, and approximately one-third present with DKA (3). The onset o Continue reading >>

What Is Considered A Normal Blood Sugar For A 53-year-old Male?

Normal blood sugar (glucose) is the same irrespective of gender or adult age. Frequently treatment goals are confused with the normal values which define whether one is normal, has Prediabetes, or Diabetes. Also the answer varies between fasting blood sugar or post-prandial (after eating). So with that preamble: Normal fasting blood sugar is 60–99 mg/dL Normal post- prandial blood sugar is < 140 Prediabetes (fasting) 100–125 Prediabetes (postprandial) 140–199 Diabetes (fasting) > 125 (on 2 separate occasions) Diabetes (postprandial) = or > 200 (on 2 separate occasions unless uniquely high or accompanied by classic diabetes symptoms) Also the Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) can be used for diagnosis. This represents a measure of the average blood sugar over the last 3 months. Normal is <5.6% Prediabetes 5.6–6.4% Diabetes >6.4% Treatment goal align with these numbers align but are not the same as the normal numbers, and differ between the ADA (American Diabetes Assn), AACE (American Assn of Clinical Endocrinologists) and the European societies. However the goals are relaxed when someone is older, sicker, more impaired or fragile due to the risks of hypoglycemia- especially if treating with sulfonylureas or insulin. The numbers I quote are from the ADA 2017 Guidelines. Continue reading >>

What Are Some Of The Most Misunderstood Disabilities?

Invisible disabilities. Because their effects cannot be easily seen, a vast number of people believe the disabled are faking or the condition is not real or even disabling. One cannot see my disability if I am sitting in a regular chair and not my wheelchair. But when I stand up and crumble to the floor a few seconds later, or if I am unable to sit up for days, gives people a clue but still does not qualify as evidence for the multitude of the untrained professional gripers who believe they are paying for disability benefits. Should the game change and these verbally judgmental persons end up needing help themselves, they are most often the loudest group crying discrimination or they’re not getting enough money—they may not even be totally disabled or their household income exceeds income limits. They think the law should be changed just for them. Some people are just never happy. Common Invisible Disabilities Psychiatric Disabilities—Examples include major depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, etc. Traumatic Brain Injury Epilepsy HIV/AIDS Diabetes Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Cystic Fibrosis Attention Deficit-Disrorder or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder(ADD/ADHD) Learning Disabilities (LD) Medical conditions associated with hidden disabilities. Examples include short or long term, stable or progress, constant or unpredictable and fluctuating, controlled by medication and untreatable. Challenges for a Person with an Invisible Disability: They may not know they have a disability or regard themselves as such. They may not have been diagnosed. They may not know what they need. They may know what they need, but are unable to articulate it. They may often feel misunderstood or may feel ignored or feel in Continue reading >>

Standards Of Medical Care In Diabetes—2017

GENERAL CHANGES In light of the American Diabetes Association’s (ADA’s) new position statement on psychosocial care in the treatment of diabetes, the “Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes,” referred to as the “Standards of Care,” has been updated to address psychosocial issues in all aspects of care including self-management, mental health, communication, complications, comorbidities, and life-stage considerations. Although levels of evidence for several recommendations have been updated, these changes are not addressed below as the clinical recommendations have remained the same. Changes in evidence level from, for example, E to C are not noted below. The 2017 Standards of Care contains, in addition to many minor changes that clarify recommendations or reflect new evidence, the following more substantive revisions. SECTION CHANGES This section was renamed and now focuses on improving outcomes and reducing disparities in populations with diabetes. Recommendations were added to assess patients’ social context as well as refer to local community resources and provide self-management support. Section 2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes The section was updated to include a new consensus on the staging of type 1 diabetes (Table 2.1) and a discussion of a proposed unifying diabetes classification scheme that focuses on β-cell dysfunction and disease stage as indicated by glucose status. Language was added to clarify screening and testing for diabetes. Screening approaches were described, and Fig. 2.1 was included to provide an example of a validated tool to screen for prediabetes and previously undiagnosed type 2 diabetes. Due to recent data, delivering a baby weighing 9 lb or more is no longer listed as an independent risk factor for the development o Continue reading >>

What Are Home Remedies For High Blood Pressure?

There are number of home remedies to maintain the normal blood pressure [1]range for every individual, it’s just that we need to have an open eye on our kitchen for that and to have complete information on it. Few of them are: Basil is a delicious herb that goes well in a variety of foods. It also might help lower your blood pressure. Extract of basil has been shown to lower blood pressure, although only briefly. Adding fresh basil to your diet is easy and certainly can’t hurt. Keep a small pot of the herb in your kitchen garden and add the fresh leaves to pastas, soups, salads, and casseroles. Garlic could help cut blood pressure by 10 per cent – but only if you take it in the form of tablets, claim scientists[2]. Twelve weeks of treatment with garlic tablets led to a ‘significant’ cut in blood pressure, slashing the risk of a heart attack or stroke, according to a review of evidence. Researchers claim those with hypertension, or high blood pressure, could control their condition better by adding garlic to conventional medication.The review of 21 studies on humans found supplements of dried garlic containing a guaranteed dose of the active ingredient allicin consistently led to reductions in blood pressure Cinnamon Cinnamon is another tasty seasoning that requires little effort to include in your daily diet, and it may bring your blood pressure numbers down. Consuming cinnamon every day has been shown to lower blood pressure in people with diabetes. Include more cinnamon in your diet by sprinkling it on your breakfast cereal, oatmeal, and even in your coffee. At dinner, cinnamon enhances the flavor of stir-fries, curries, and stews. 3. Mangoes Mangoes have an impressive vitamin content that assures overall health. They are rich in potassium (4% in 156 mg) and Continue reading >>

What Are The Best Books/podcasts For Studying Internal Medicine As A Resident?

Hospital & Internal Medicine lectures are intended for the medical professional who enjoys learning for the sake of it. The host of Dr. Porat is a practicing Hospitalist and Board Certified in Internal Medicine. User Review: Really great and pertinent to my practice (also an academic hospitalist) and what a great way to spend my drive to work. Dr. Porat uses a great quick references to pertinent materials. Well thought out and entertaining. Please keep it up!! I found this podcast the most helpful among all of the internal medicine podcasts on iTunes for basic internal medicine medical knowledge on the go. I listened to these during my commute to and from the hospital. I like Dr. Porat's energy and seemingly genuine compassion for his patients. Thanks, Dr. Porat! ************************* Issue highlights and interviews from Annals of Internal Medicine. User Review: This is the best medical review podcast by far. It sounds professional, the host is engaging and the approach to topics is always interesting. The mix of interviews, summaries, talks and music that "comments" on the stories always keeps me listening. Further, the host clearly knows the subjects and always asks the detailed questions. I hope the program continues indefinitely. By far the best podcast from a medical journal that I have heard. Great way to stay updated on my commute. Plays like a NPR segment for internists and focuses on pertinent issues in GIM. Thanks for taking the time to edit and narrate the weeks journal. It is a great in depth look at the feature article. The interviews are well done and commentary is relevant to the average primary care physician. I think this is one of the best medical podcasts available for primary care doctors. ************************* Latest medical news and feature Continue reading >>