Quiz For Students
(See related pages) 1 A 50-year-old female is 5 ft 7 in. tall and weighs 165 lb. There is a family history of diabetes mellitus. Fasting blood glucose is 150 mg/dL on two occasions. She is asymptomatic, and physical exam shows no abnormalities. The treatment of choice is B) Medical nutrition therapy D) Oral hypoglycemic agent 2 A 55-year-old type 2 diabetic patient has lost weight and has had good control of his blood sugar on oral agents. He has a history of mild hypertension and hyperlipidemia. He asks for advice about an exercise program. Which one of the following statements is correct? A) Exercise should be avoided because it may cause foot trauma B) An active lifestyle cannot slow the complications of diabetes C) Vigorous exercise cannot precipitate hypoglycemia D) A stress test should be recommended prior to beginning an exercise program 3 A newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patient asks for clarification about dietary management. Which of the following is good advice? A) Restrict carbohydrates and eat a high-protein diet B) Avoid sucrose altogether C) Less than 10% of caloric intake should be saturated fat D) Caloric intake should be very consistent from one day to another 4 As part of a review of systems, a 55-year-old male describes an inability to achieve erection. The patient has mild diabetes and is on a beta blocker for hypertension. The first step in evaluation is A) Serum testosterone B) Serum gonadotropin C) Information about libido and morning erections D) Papaverine injection 5 A 50-year-old female is evaluated for hypertension. Her blood pressure is 130/98. She complains of polyuria and of mild muscle weakness. She is on no diuretics or other blood pressure medication. On physical exam, the PMI is displaced to the sixth intercostal space. There is no s Continue reading >>
Chapter 49 Diabetes Mellitus: Practice Questions
Which statement by a nurse to a patient newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is correct? A. Insulin is not used to control blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes. B. Complications of type 2 diabetes are less serious than those of type 1 diabetes. C. Changes in diet and exercise may control blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes. D. Type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed when the patient is admitted with a hyperglycemic coma. C - For some patients with type 2 diabetes, changes in lifestyle are sufficient to achieve blood glucose control. Insulin is frequently used for type 2 diabetes, complications are equally severe as for type 1 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed with routine laboratory testing or after a patient develops complications such as frequent yeast infections. A 48-year-old male patient screened for diabetes at a clinic has a fasting plasma glucose level of 120 mg/dL (6.7 mmol/L). The nurse will plan to teach the patient about A. Self-monitoring of blood glucose. B. Using low doses of regular insulin. C. Lifestyle changes to lower blood glucose. D. Effects of oral hypoglycemic medications. C - The patient's impaired fasting glucose indicates prediabetes, and the patient should be counseled about lifestyle changes to prevent the development of type 2 diabetes. The patient with prediabetes does not require insulin or oral hypoglycemics for glucose control and does not need to self-monitor blood glucose. A 28-year-old male patient with type 1 diabetes reports how he manages his exercise and glucose control. Which behavior indicates that the nurse should implement additional teaching? A. The patient always carries hard candies when engaging in exercise. B. The patient goes for a vigorous walk when his glucose is 200 mg/dL. C. The patient ha Continue reading >>
Emergency Treatment For Diabetes
If not treated quickly enough, fluctuations in blood glucose levels can lead to a person with diabetes becoming unwell and losing consciousness. The two conditions associated with diabetes are: hyperglycaemia - high blood glucose hypoglycaemia - low blood glucose. The more common emergency is hypoglycaemia which affects brain function and can lead to unconsciousness if untreated. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life threatening complication in patients with untreated diabetes or improperly managed diabetes. It is most common among type 1, but it can also occur in type 2 if the body becomes physiologically stressed, for example during an infection. View the following table to see a comparison of the signs and symptoms of hyperglycaemia and hypoglycaemia in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar) Hypoglycaemia occurs when any insulin in the body has moved too much glucose out of the bloodstream and blood glucose levels have become very low (less than 4 mmol/l). This is usually because the patient has taken too much insulin, exercised too vigorously or consumed alcohol on an empty stomach. This is commonly called a 'hypo'. Usually hypoglycaemia can be corrected simply by eating or drinking something with a high glucose content. If hypoglycaemia is not corrected, it can progress to more advanced symptoms such as slurred speech, confusion and ultimately unconsciousness. If a person loses consciousness they will need to have an emergency injection of a hormone called glucagon to raise the level of glucose in their blood. Some people with diabetes are at particular risk of hypoglycaemia: those who frequently experience hypoglycaemia, even if they are able to treat themselves people who have poor awareness of hypoglycaemia symptoms people who fast (e.g Continue reading >>
A Pocket Guide For The Patient With Newly Diagnosed Diabetes
A pocket guide for the patient with newly diagnosed diabetes Q: I routinely have only a short period of time in which to teach my patients who've been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, and I sometimes find it difficult to drill down to the basics. Do you have any suggestions for creating a primer on essential facts and skills? A: In today's world of shortened hospital stays, patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (if admitted at all) are allowed little time to learn important facts and skills to keep themselves healthy and safe at home. Keeping this in mind, a concise care plan, which can be completed in a short period of time, needs to be utilized. This care plan will give your patient the basic information and skills he needs to safely care for himself until he's able to attend a more inclusive diabetes education class. Patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes have a unique set of needs relating to education about their condition. Here's what you need to teach your patient before he's discharged from the hospital: an overview of the prescribed medication, including proper use, peak time, and length of action (Instruction on the proper disposal of sharps is needed if your patient has been prescribed insulin injections.) the purpose of a glucose meter, instruction in its use and care, how often your patient needs to check his blood glucose level, and an understanding of how to record blood glucose levels in a log book for use in care-making decisions his target blood glucose level (as determined by the healthcare provider) and at what level he should call the healthcare provider for glucose excursions an overview of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, their causes, and how to recognize, treat, and prevent these conditions basic dietary facts and a copy of his pre Continue reading >>
Free Nursing Flashcards About Final Exam Diabetes
In preparing the staff in-service for a presentation about diabetes the nurse includes which information Diabetes increases the risk for the development of cardiovascular disease The Client w/ diabetes asks the nurse why is it necessary to maintain glucose no lower than 74 In monitoring client w/ hypoglycemia, the nurse recognizes which action of glucagon glucagon prevents hypoglycemia by promoting glucose release from liver storage sites the nurse Correlates polyuria seen in clients with untreated diabetes w/ which physiologic response Hyperosmolarity of the EFC secondary to hyperglycemia The nurse correlates which assessment finding in the client with diabetes w/ decreasing renal function Protein in the urine during a random UA (protein in urine is the start of renal failure) A client Newly dx w type 1 diabetes who wears glasses and has myopia asks the nurse how frequently should he see the ophthalmologist, what is the nurses best response the disease increases your risk for cataracts, glaucoma and retinal blood vessel changes so you should see the opthamologist yearly even when you do not have a new vision problem During assessment of a client w/ 15 yr hx of diabetes the nurse that the client has decreased tactile sensation of both feet. Which action does the nurse take first Examine the clients feet for signs of injury Which is the nurses best response about developing diabetes to the client who is father has type 1 dm You have a greater susceptibility for developing diabetes 1 & 20 to 50 chance To delay the onset of macrovascular and microvascular complications in the diabetic client, the nurse stresses which action The nurse recognizes which client for being as greatest risk undiagnosed w/ diabetes A client whose mother has Type 2 diabetes asks the nurse what are Continue reading >>
Chapter 49 Diabetes - Chapter 49 Nursing Management...
CHAPTER 49 DIABETES - Chapter 49 Nursing Management Diabetes Mellitus Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1 Which statement by a nurse to a patient newly CHAPTER 49 DIABETES - Chapter 49 Nursing Management... 97% (76) 74 out of 76 people found this document helpful This preview shows page 1 - 3 out of 17 pages. Chapter 49: Nursing Management: Diabetes MellitusTest BankMULTIPLE CHOICE1.Which statement by a nurse to a patient newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is correct?a.Insulin is not used to control blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes.b.Complications of type 2 diabetes are less serious than those of type 1 diabetes.c.Changes in diet and exercise may control blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes.d.Type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed when the patient is admitted with a hyperglycemic coma.ANS: CFor some patients with type 2 diabetes, changes in lifestyle are sufficient to achieve blood glucose control. Insulin is frequently used for type 2 diabetes, complications are equally severe as for type 1 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed with routine laboratory testing or after a patient develops complications such as frequent yeast infections.DIF:Cognitive Level: Understand (comprehension)REF:1166-1167TOP:Nursing Process: ImplementationMSC:NCLEX: Physiological Integrity2.A 48-year-old male patient screened for diabetes at a clinic has a fasting plasma glucose level of 120 mg/dL (6.7 mmol/L). The nurse will plan to teach the patient abouta.self-monitoring of blood glucose.b.using low doses of regular insulin.c.lifestyle changes to lower blood glucose.d.effects of oral hypoglycemic medications.ANS: CThe patients impaired fasting glucose indicates prediabetes, and the patient should be counseled about lifestyle changes to prevent the development of type 2 di Continue reading >>
Ch. 49 Flashcards | Quizlet
Which statement by a nurse to a patient newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is correct? a. Insulin is not used to control blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes. b. Complications of type 2 diabetes are less serious than those of type 1 diabetes. c. Changes in diet and exercise may control blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes. d. Type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed when the patient is admitted with a hyperglycemic coma. For some patients with type 2 diabetes, changes in lifestyle are sufficient to achieve blood glucose control. Insulin is frequently used for type 2 diabetes, complications are equally severe as for type 1 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed with routine laboratory testing or after a patient develops complications such as frequent yeast infections. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (comprehension) REF: 1166-1167 TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 2. A 48-year-old male patient screened for diabetes at a clinic has a fasting plasma glucose level of 120 mg/dL (6.7 mmol/L). The nurse will plan to teach the patient about c. lifestyle changes to lower blood glucose. d. effects of oral hypoglycemic medications. The patient's impaired fasting glucose indicates prediabetes, and the patient should be counseled about lifestyle changes to prevent the development of type 2 diabetes. The patient with prediabetes does not require insulin or oral hypoglycemics for glucose control and does not need to self-monitor blood glucose. DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (application) REF: 1156 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 3. A 28-year-old male patient with type 1 diabetes reports how he manages his exercise and glucose control. Which behavior indicates that the nurse should implement Continue reading >>
Education, Prevention And The Role Of The Nursing Team
Education Self-management skills are an essential part of diabetes care and with the help and support of nursing staff the condition can be managed to help people stay healthy and prevent complications. Diabetes UK provide resources for health care professionals to increase the provision and uptake of diabetes self-management education. Three of the main diabetes education courses available to people with the condition in the UK are: DAFNE is a working collaborative of 75 diabetes services from NHS Trusts and Health Boards across the UK and Ireland. It is a structured education programme in intensive insulin therapy for adults with type 1 diabetes providing them with the necessary skills to estimate the carbohydrate content of their meal and to inject the correct dose of insulin. DESMOND is a group of self-management education modules, toolkits and care pathways for people with, or at risk of, type 2 diabetes. The programme offers training and quality assurance for health care professionals and lay educators to deliver any of the modules to people in their local communities. X-PERT Diabetes Programme is for people with diabetes and aims to increase the knowledge, skills and understanding of the condition in order that they can make lifestyle choices to manage their blood glucose levels effectively. Type 2 Diabetes and Me is an online step-by step guide for people with type 2 diabetes that provides information about the condition and the options and support available to them. The RCN has developed Diabetes essentials, a CPD online learning resource covering the core concepts of diabetes, diagnosis and current treatments and the role of the nursing team in treating people with diabetes. Prevention Making lifestyle changes can often help people with type 2 diabetes and tho Continue reading >>
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C49 - Chapter 49 Nursing Management Diabetes Mellitus Test...
c49 - Chapter 49 Nursing Management Diabetes Mellitus Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1 A patient with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse c49 - Chapter 49 Nursing Management Diabetes Mellitus Test... 98% (55) 54 out of 55 people found this document helpful This preview shows page 1 - 3 out of 13 pages. Chapter 49: Nursing Management: Diabetes MellitusTest BankMULTIPLE CHOICE1.A patient with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse what type 2 means in relation to diabetes. Which statement by the nurse about type 2 diabetes is correct?a.Insulin is not used to control blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes.b.Complications of type 2 diabetes are less serious than those of type 1 diabetes.c.Type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed when the patient is admitted with a hyperglycemic coma.d.Changes in diet and exercise may be sufficient to control blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes.ANS: DFor some patients, changes in lifestyle are sufficient for blood glucose control. Insulin is frequently used for type 2 diabetes, complications are equally severe as for type 1 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed with routine laboratory testing or after a patient develops complications such as frequent yeast infections.DIF:Cognitive Level: ComprehensionTOP:Nursing Process: ImplementationMSC:NCLEX: Physiological Integrity2.A patient screened for diabetes at a clinic has a fasting plasma glucose level of 120 mg/dL (6.7mmol/L). The nurse will plan to teach the patient aboutThe patients impaired fasting glucose indicates prediabetes and the patient should be counseled about lifestyle changes to prevent the development of type 2 diabetes. The patient with prediabetes does not require insulin or the oral hypoglycemics for glucose control and does Continue reading >>
Nutritional Recommendations For Individuals With Diabetes
Go to: INTRODUCTION This chapter will summarize current information on nutritional recommendations for persons with diabetes for health care practitioners who treat them. The key take home message is that the 1800 calorie ADA diet is dead! The modern diet for the individual with diabetes is based on concepts from clinical research, portion control, and individualized lifestyle changes. It cannot simply be delivered by giving a patient a diet sheet in a one-size-fits-all approach. The lifestyle modification guidance and support needed requires a team effort, best led by an expert in this area; a registered dietitian (RD), or a referral to a diabetes self-management education (DSME) program that includes instruction on nutrition therapy. Dietary recommendations need to be individualized for and accepted by the given patient. It’s important to note that the nutrition goals for diabetes are similar to those that healthy individuals should strive to incorporate into their lifestyle. Leading authorities and professional organizations have concluded that proper nutrition is an important part of the foundation for the treatment of diabetes. However, appropriate nutritional treatment, implementation, and ultimate compliance with the plan remain some of the most vexing problems in diabetic management for three major reasons: First, there are some differences in the dietary structure to consider, depending on the type of diabetes. Second, a plethora of dietary information is available from many sources to the patient and healthcare provider. Nutritional science is constantly evolving, so that what may be considered true today may be outdated in the near future. Different types of diabetes require some specialized nutritional intervention; however, many of the basic dietary princ Continue reading >>
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C48 - Chapter 48 Diabetes Mellitus Lewis Medical-surgical...
Chapter 48: Diabetes MellitusLewis: Medical-Surgical Nursing, 10th EditionMULTIPLE CHOICE1.Which statement by a nurse to a patient newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is correct?a.Insulin is not used to control blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes.b.Complications of type 2 diabetes are less serious than those of type 1 diabetes.c.Changes in diet and exercise may control blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes.d.Type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed when the patient is admitted with a hyperglycemic coma.ANS: CFor some patients with type 2 diabetes, changes in lifestyle are sufficient to achieve blood glucose control. Insulin is frequently used for type 2 diabetes, complications are equally severe as for type 1 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed with routine laboratory testing or after a patient develops complications such as frequent yeast infections.DIF:Cognitive Level: Understand (comprehension)REF:1134TOP:Nursing Process: ImplementationMSC:NCLEX: Physiological Integrity2.A patient screened for diabetes at a clinic has a fasting plasma glucose level of 120 mg/dL (6.7mmol/L). The nurse will plan to teach the patient aboutThe patients impaired fasting glucose indicates prediabetes, and the patient should be counseled about lifestyle changes to prevent the development of type 2 diabetes. The patient with prediabetes does not require insulin or oral hypoglycemics for glucose control and does not need to self-monitor blood glucose.DIF:Cognitive Level: Apply (application)REF:1133TOP:Nursing Process: PlanningMSC:NCLEX: Physiological Integrity3.A 28-yr-old male patient with type 1 diabetes reports how he manages his exercise and glucose control. Which behavior indicates that the nurse should implement additional teaching?When the patient is ketotic, Continue reading >>
Free Nclex Rn Practice Test 1
1. A patient arrives at the emergency department complaining of mid-sternal chest pain. Which of the following nursing action should take priority? A. A complete history with emphasis on preceding events. 2. A patient has been hospitalized with pneumonia and is about to be discharged. A nurse provides discharge instructions to a patient and his family. Which misunderstanding by the family indicates the need for more detailed information? A. The patient may resume normal home activities as tolerated but should avoid physical exertion and get adequate rest. B. The patient should resume a normal diet with emphasis on nutritious, healthy foods. C. The patient may discontinue the prescribed course of oral antibiotics once the symptoms have completely resolved. D. The patient should continue use of the incentive spirometer to keep airways open and free of secretions. 3. A nurse is caring for an elderly Vietnamese patient in the terminal stages of lung cancer. Many family members are in the room around the clock performing unusual rituals and bringing ethnic foods. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Restrict visiting hours and ask the family to limit visitors to two at a time. B. Notify visitors with a sign on the door that the patient is limited to clear fluids only with no solid food allowed. C. If possible, keep the other bed in the room unassigned to provide privacy and comfort to the family. D. Contact the physician to report the unusual rituals and activities. 4. The charge nurse on the cardiac unit is planning assignments for the day. Which of the following is the most appropriate assignment for the float nurse that has been reassigned from labor and delivery? A. A one-week postoperative coronary bypass patient, who is being evaluated for placemen Continue reading >>
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Treatment & Management
Approach Considerations Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) require lifelong insulin therapy. Most require 2 or more injections of insulin daily, with doses adjusted on the basis of self-monitoring of blood glucose levels. Long-term management requires a multidisciplinary approach that includes physicians, nurses, dietitians, and selected specialists. In some patients, the onset of type 1 DM is marked by an episode of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) but is followed by a symptom-free “honeymoon period” in which the symptoms remit and the patient requires little or no insulin. This remission is caused by a partial return of endogenous insulin secretion, and it may last for several weeks or months (sometimes for as long as 1-2 years). Ultimately, however, the disease recurs, and patients require insulin therapy. Often, the patient with new-onset type 1 DM who presents with mild manifestations and who is judged to be compliant can begin insulin therapy as an outpatient. However, this approach requires close follow-up and the ability to provide immediate and thorough education about the use of insulin; the signs, symptoms, and treatment of hypoglycemia; and the need to self-monitor blood glucose levels. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends using patient age as one consideration in the establishment of glycemic goals, with targets for preprandial, bedtime/overnight, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. [5] In 2014, the ADA released a position statement on the diagnosis and management of type 1 diabetes in all age groups. The statement includes a new pediatric glycemic control target of HbA1c of less than 7.5% across all pediatric age groups, replacing earlier guidelines that specified different glycemic control targets by age. The adult HbA1c target of les Continue reading >>
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31 Nurses & Experts Answer 3 Important Diabetes T1 & T2 Questions
We have asked 31 Nurses and Experts to answer the 3 following important diabetes related questions. Do you think diabetes is on the rise or decline? What mistakes do you see most newly diagnosed patients with Type 2 diabetes make? What tips would you offer to them? Lastly, most people talk about the role a Certified Diabetes Educator (CDE), Registered Dietician (RD), Endocrinologist play when it comes to managing one’s diabetes. In what ways do you believe that specialised nurses play a role in the management and prevention of diabetes in patient cases? And here are the answers we have got. 1. Keith Carlson RN, BSN, NC-BC A1: While I don’t currently work in the clinical sphere, the news from the public health sector make it clear: diabetes is on the rise in the United States in 2017, as well as in other countries around the world. A recent article by Kaiser Health News shows that health claims for Type 2 diabetes in children more than doubled between 2011 and 2015. The inherent risks of a life with diabetes is certainly a factor to take into account when it comes to the financial burdens shouldered by the healthcare system. A2: Newly diagnosed diabetics are likely to feel understandably fearful; some might decide that they simply can’t eat anymore, and will erroneously begin dieting without the guidance of a skilled healthcare professional. My strongest advice is to engage the services of a knowledgeable dietitian, nutritionist, or diabetes educator, and begin to make daily choices and lifestyle modifications that will improve your health and keep your diabetes under control. A3: Nurses are on the front line of healthcare delivery; if we can begin the education process with our diabetic patients, we can then steer them towards our colleagues who can take their edu Continue reading >>
Diabetic Ketoacidosis Nclex Questions
This quiz on DKA (Diabetic Ketoacidosis NCLEX Questions) will test you on how to care for the diabetic patient who is experiencing this condition. As the nurse, you must know typical signs and symptoms of DKA, patient teaching, and expected medical treatments. 1 Relapsed Multiple Myeloma - Get The Facts Learn More About Relapsed Multiple Myeloma at the Official Physician Site. Prescription treatment website 2 Login to Your Account Sign In To Your Email! emailloginnow.com Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNS) are both complication of diabetes mellitus, but there are differences between the two complications that you must know as a nurse. This endocrine teaching series will test your knowledge on how to differentiate between the two conditions, along with a video lecture. This DKA quiz will test you on the following for the NCLEX exam: Signs and Symptoms of Diabetic Ketoacidosis Causes of Diabetic Ketoacidosis Patient education for DKA Treatments of Diabetic Ketoacidosis NCLEX Review Nursing Lecture on DKA (NOTE: When you hit submit, it will refresh this same page. Scroll down to see your results.) 1. Which of the following is not a sign or symptom of Diabetic Ketoacidosis? A. Positive Ketones in the urine B. Oliguria C. Polydipsia D. Abdominal Pain 2. A patient is admitted with Diabetic Ketoacidosis. The physician orders intravenous fluids of 0.9% Normal Saline and 10 units of intravenous regular insulin IV bolus and then to start an insulin drip per protocol. The patient’s labs are the following: pH 7.25, Glucose 455, potassium 2.5. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing intervention to perform next? A. Start the IV fluids and administer the insulin bolus and drip as ordered B. Hold the insulin and notify the d Continue reading >>
