Diabetes: Differences Between Type 1 And 2 - Topic Overview
In general, people with diabetes either have a total lack of insulin (type 1 diabetes) or they have too little insulin or cannot use insulin effectively (type 2 diabetes). Type 1 diabetes (formerly called juvenile-onset or insulin-dependent diabetes), accounts for 5 to 10 out of 100 people who have diabetes. In type 1 diabetes, the body's immune system destroys the cells that release insulin, eventually eliminating insulin production from the body. Without insulin, cells cannot absorb sugar (glucose), which they need to produce energy. Type 2 diabetes (formerly called adult-onset or non-insulin-dependent diabetes) can develop at any age. It most commonly becomes apparent during adulthood. But type 2 diabetes in children is rising. Type 2 diabetes accounts for the vast majority of people who have diabetes-90 to 95 out of 100 people. In type 2 diabetes, the body isn't able to use insulin the right way. This is called insulin resistance. As type 2 diabetes gets worse, the pancreas may make less and less insulin. This is called insulin deficiency. How are these diseases different? Differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes Type 1 diabetes Type 2 diabetes Symptoms usually start in childhood or young adulthood. People often seek medical help, because they are seriously ill from sudden symptoms of high blood sugar. The person may not have symptoms before diagnosis. Usually the disease is discovered in adulthood, but an increasing number of children are being diagnosed with the disease. Episodes of low blood sugar level (hypoglycemia) are common. There are no episodes of low blood sugar level, unless the person is taking insulin or certain diabetes medicines. It cannot be prevented. It can be prevented or delayed with a healthy lifestyle, including maintaining a healthy wei Continue reading >>
Types Of Diabetes
Elevated blood sugar has many causes. Diabetes is classified by type, based on causes. Knowing what type of diabetes you have will help you manage it. Diabetes is defined as an elevated blood sugar, but there are many causes of an elevated blood sugar. Diabetes is classified into different types, based on the various causes. The treatment will vary, depending on what is causing the problem. It is important to know what type of diabetes you have because your type of diabetes might need to be managed differently from someone else’s. This section will help you learn about what kind of diabetes you have. In this section, you will learn about: Type 1 Diabetes: when the body loses the ability to make insulin or can only make a very small amount of insulin. Type 1 diabetes is usually caused by an autoimmune process, and your body’s immune system mistakenly destroys the insulin-producing cells. About 10% of individuals with diabetes have type 1 diabetes. Type 2 Diabetes: caused by a dual defect of resistance to the action of insulin combined with an inability to make enough insulin to overcome the resistance. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes and represents 80% to 90% of diabetes worldwide. Other Types of Diabetes: a miscellaneous category that includes unusual or rare inherited or acquired causes of diabetes. This represents the minority of people with diabetes. Continue reading >>
Diabetes Symptoms, (type 1 And Type 2)
Diabetes type 1 and type 2 definition and facts Diabetes is a chronic condition associated with abnormally high levels of sugar (glucose) in the blood. Insulin produced by the pancreas lowers blood glucose. Absence or insufficient production of insulin, or an inability of the body to properly use insulin causes diabetes. The two types of diabetes are referred to as type 1 and type 2. Former names for these conditions were insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes, or juvenile onset and adult onset diabetes. Symptoms of type 1 and type 2 diabetes include increased urine output, excessive thirst, weight loss, hunger, fatigue, skin problems slow healing wounds, yeast infections, and tingling or numbness in the feet or toes. Some of the risk factors for getting diabetes include being overweight or obese, leading a sedentary lifestyle, a family history of diabetes, hypertension (high blood pressure), and low levels of the "good" cholesterol (HDL) and elevated levels of triglycerides in the blood. If you think you may have prediabetes or diabetes contact a health-care professional. Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high blood sugar (glucose) levels that result from defects in insulin secretion, or its action, or both. Diabetes mellitus, commonly referred to as diabetes (as it will be in this article) was first identified as a disease associated with "sweet urine," and excessive muscle loss in the ancient world. Elevated levels of blood glucose (hyperglycemia) lead to spillage of glucose into the urine, hence the term sweet urine. Normally, blood glucose levels are tightly controlled by insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas. Insulin lowers the blood glucose level. When the blood glucose elevates (for example, after eating food Continue reading >>
3 Types Of Diabetes
More than 10 percent of U.S. women over the age of 20 have diabetes, and many of these cases are undiagnosed, according to the American Diabetes Association. Having diabetes not only affects the way you live your day-to-day life but can increase your risks for a number of other health conditions, especially if it goes untreated. There are three main types of diabetes—type 1, type 2 and gestational—and each can affect your body in different ways and may require different treatments. Here's some basic information about each one. Type 1 Type 1 diabetes, sometimes called insulin-dependent diabetes and previously known as juvenile diabetes, is a condition in which the pancreas doesn't produce enough—or any—insulin. Insulin is a hormone that your body needs to let sugar (glucose) into your cells to produce energy. Type 1 diabetes usually develops during childhood or adolescence, but it can occur in adults. If you notice that you feel very thirsty, urinate frequently, feel extremely hungry, are losing weight, feel fatigued or experience blurred vision, talk to your health care provider. These can all be symptoms of diabetes. If you have type 1 diabetes, you will need insulin therapy. Type 2 Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes. In this type, your body doesn't make enough insulin or doesn't use it properly. Initially, your pancreas may make extra insulin, but over time it can't make enough to keep up. Without insulin to bring glucose to your cells for energy, too much glucose can build up in the blood, which can starve your cells of energy and result in a number of problems over time. Symptoms are similar to type 1 diabetes, though sometimes milder. Weight loss is not a symptom of type 2, but tingling or numbness in the hands or feet may be. If you have t Continue reading >>
Other Types Of Diabetes
In addition to Type 1, Type 2 and gestational diabetes, there are a range of other types, which are just as important. If you add up everyone with the rarer types of diabetes together that’s quite a lot of people. Unfortunately, many of these people are misdiagnosed leading to delays in getting the right treatment. We’re proud of the research we have supported to ensure better diagnosis and treatments for all types of diabetes, and it’s taught us a lot about the condition. Maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) MODY is a rare form of diabetes which is different from both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, and runs strongly in families. MODY is caused by a mutation (or change) in a single gene. If a parent has this gene mutation, any child they have, has a 50 per cent chance of inheriting it from them. If a child does inherit the mutation they will generally go on to develop MODY before they’re 25, whatever their weight, lifestyle, ethnic group etc. Neonatal diabetes Neonatal diabetes is a form of diabetes that is diagnosed under the age of six months. It’s a different type of diabetes than the more common Type 1 diabetes as it’s not an autoimmune condition (where the body has destroyed its insulin producing cells). Wolfram Syndrome Wolfram Syndrome is a rare genetic disorder which is also known as DIDMOAD syndrome after its four most common features (Diabetes Insipidus, Diabetes Mellitus, Optic Atrophy and Deafness). Alström Syndrome Alström Syndrome is a rare genetically inherited syndrome which has a number of common features. Save for later Continue reading >>
What Are The Different Types Of Diabetes?
Type 1 Diabetes In this type of diabetes, the pancreas no longer produces insulin thereby causing glucose (sugar) to build up in the blood. People with Type 1 diabetes must take insulin either by injections or through an insulin delivery system such an insulin pump. The treatment also includes a balanced carbohydrate, low-fat, low-sodium meal plan and regular exercise. This type of diabetes is less common, an estimated 500,000 to a million Americans have this type of diabetes. Type 1 is an autoimmune disease which usually occurs in children and young adults. It often appears suddenly and the symptoms, which mimic the flu, can be severe Signs and symptoms of Type 1 diabetes: Increased thirst; Frequent urination or bed wetting in children; Increased hunger; Extreme weight loss; Lack of energy, being tired and weak; Feeling edgy and having mood changes; Feeling sick to your stomach and / or vomiting; High levels of sugar in the blood and urine. Excessive Drowsiness Although what causes diabetes is unknown, people inherit a tendency to get diabetes. But not everyone with this tendency will get the disease. Type 1 diabtes is more common in youth but it can occur at any age. Who is at risk for Type 1 diabetes? Brothers or sisters of people with Type 1 diabetes have a 10 percent chance of developing the disease before the age of 50; Children of parents with Type 1. Type 2 Diabetes This is the most common form of diabetes; it affects about 20 million Americans. It is a metabolic disorder that usually begins after the age of 40, although it can occur at any age. The chances of developing Type 2 increase with age. In this type of diabetes, the body either does not make enough insulin or is not able to use the insulin properly. Without enough insulin, the body cannot move blood su Continue reading >>
Diabetes Types
According to the American Diabetes Association's (ADA) most recent guidelines, diabetes may be diagnosed if the patient meets any one of the following criteria: The ADA classifies diabetes as follows: Type 1 diabetes Type 2 diabetes Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) Specific types of diabetes due to other causes Type 1 diabetes accounts for 5-10% of diabetes and is due to cell-mediated autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic β-cells, usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency. The rate of β-cell destruction varies, but it tends to be rapid in infants and children, who may present with ketoacidosis as the first manifestation, and predominantly slow in adults. One or more of the following autoimmune markers are present in people with type 1 diabetes: islet cell autoantibodies, autoantibodies to insulin and or GAD (GAD65), autoantibodies to the tyrosine phosphatases IA-2 and IA-2β, and autoantibodies to zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8). There is a strong association to the human leucocyte antigen (HLA) system with a linkage to specific genes (DQA and DQB). The autoimmune destruction of the β-cells has multiple genetic predispositions and a positive correlation with environmental factors has been shown. Type 1 diabetes commonly occurs in childhood and adolescence, but it can develop at any age. In adult-onset autoimmune diabetes, the metabolic changes at diagnosis reflect a broad phenotype, ranging from diabetic ketoacidosis to mild non-insulin-requiring diabetes, also known as latent autoimmune diabetes of the adult (LADA). Although associated with the same genetic and immunological features as childhood-onset type 1 diabetes, LADA also shares some genetic features with type 2 diabetes. Patients with type 1 diabetes are susceptible to other autoimmune disorders, such a Continue reading >>
What's The Difference Between Type 1 And Type 2 Diabetes?
Type 1 and type 2 diabetes share the problem of high levels of blood sugar. The inability to control blood sugar causes the symptoms and the complications of both types of diabetes. But type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes are two different diseases in many ways. According to the latest (2014) estimates from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 29.1 million people, or 9.3 percent of the U.S. population, have diabetes. Type 1 diabetes affects just 5 percent of those adults, with type 2 diabetes affecting up to 95 percent. Here’s what else you need to know to be health-savvy in the age of the diabetes epidemic. What Causes Diabetes? "Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease — the body's immune system attacks the cells in the pancreas that make insulin," a hormone, says Andjela Drincic, MD, associate professor of internal medicine in the division of diabetes, endocrinology, and metabolism at the University of Nebraska Medical Center in Omaha. The exact cause is not known, but it's probably a combination of the genes a person is born with and something in the environment that triggers the genes to become active. "The cause of type 2 diabetes is multifactorial," says Dr. Drincic. "People inherit genes that make them susceptible to type 2, but lifestyle factors, like obesity and inactivity, are also important. In type 2 diabetes, at least in the early stages, there is enough insulin, but the body becomes resistant to it." Risk factors for type 2 diabetes include a family history of the disease, a poor diet, a sedentary lifestyle, and obesity. African-Americans, Latin Americans, and certain Native American groups have a higher risk of type 2 diabetes than Caucasian Americans. Juvenile or Adult-Onset: When Does Diabetes Start? Usually, type 1 diabetes in dia Continue reading >>
Type 1 And Type 2
Differences Between Understanding diabetes starts with knowing the different types of diabetes and their key differences. The two most common types are type 1 and type 2. Type 1 diabetes In type 1 diabetes, the body makes little or no insulin due to an overactive immune system. So people with type 1 diabetes must take insulin every day. Type 1 diabetes usually occurs in children and young adults but can also appear in older adults. Type 2 diabetes In type 2 diabetes, your body prevents the insulin it does make from working right. Your body may make some insulin but not enough. Most people with diabetes—about 90% to 95%—have type 2. This kind of diabetes usually happens in people who are older, although even younger adults may be diagnosed with it. Type 2 diabetes also usually occurs in people who are overweight. In fact, about 8 out of 10 people with type 2 diabetes are overweight. Diabetes during pregnancy (gestational diabetes) Some women may develop diabetes during pregnancy, which is called gestational diabetes. Being diagnosed with gestational diabetes doesn't mean a woman had diabetes before or would continue to have diabetes after giving birth. A woman should follow her health care provider's advice closely during pregnancy. Continue reading >>
Different Types Of Diabetes
There are different types of Diabetes with different symptoms and different ways of treating it. Usually Diabetes is classified as either Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes, but you also get Gestational Diabetes, LADA and MODA. Type 1 Diabetes: Type 1 Diabetes accounts for about 5% of all Diabetes cases. It is an auto-immune condition where the white blood cells of the body attack the beta cells of the pancreas. The beta cells produce insulin, so when all the beta cells are destroyed, the pancreas will stop making insulin. This means insulin now needs to be injected into the blood stream as it is needed to help control blood glucose levels. Signs that someone might have Type 1 Diabetes are: – It usually affects people younger than 30 years of age – It is usually people with a lean body weight – The onset is quick – They experience severe symptoms – They are otherwise normally healthy – It is not hereditary Type 2 Diabetes: Type 2 Diabetes accounts for more than 90% of all Diabetes cases. It occurs due to insulin resistance, which means that the pancreas is still making insulin, but the body cells are resistant to it. Most of the glucose remains in the blood stream and does not move efficiently into the body cells. The higher blood glucose level causes the pancreas to manufacture more insulin. Eventually the pancreas can become exhausted and stops making insulin altogether. Type 2 Diabetes is usually treated with a healthy diet and/or oral medication to help reduce insulin resistance, but insulin could also be required if the Diabetes has progressed to the stage where the pancreas is exhausted. This does not make the person Type 1, but Type 2 on oral medication and insulin. Signs that someone might have Type 2 Diabetes are: – It usually affect older people – It is Continue reading >>
5 Uncommon Diabetes Diagnoses
Today’s Dietitian Vol. 16 No. 10 P. 36 Today’s Dietitian reviews their underlying pathology and how they’re diagnosed and classified and offers strategies for nutrition intervention. After months of battling a yeast infection, Cherise finally sought medical attention. During her appointment with a nurse practitioner, Cherise described her symptoms. The nurse checked her blood glucose level and discovered it was 400 mg/dL. The nurse told Cherise she couldn’t fight the yeast infection because of her elevated blood glucose and that she had type 2 diabetes. Shocked about her diagnosis, she vowed to “follow the rules, eat right, and exercise,” after witnessing how the disease took its toll on her stepfather who didn’t take care of himself. Pending the results of her lab test to confirm the diagnosis, her doctor prescribed metformin to stabilize her blood sugar. Her lab results came back inconclusive. “My C-peptide level was normal, indicating I was making insulin on my own, which is uncommon in patients with type 2 [diabetes]. I wasn’t overweight either—a more common aspect of type 2 diabetes,” Cherise says. Cherise was referred to an endocrinologist who ordered additional blood work. The results showed glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies in her blood, confirming the diagnosis of type 1.5, also known as latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). She wondered how she developed this disease since she didn’t have any biological family members with diabetes. Her endocrinologist said it was genetic and could have been triggered by a cold or even stress. The doctor prescribed 5 mg of Glipizide and told her she’d probably be on insulin within the next four years. Cherise controlled her blood glucose levels for almost three years through diet, exerci Continue reading >>
Types Of Diabetes
- [Voiceover] Diabetes mellitus is a group of disorders that's caused by improper function of the hormone insulin, which is secreted by the pancreas. Now, this results in disregulation of blood glucose levels in the body, specifically resulting in hyperglycemia or high blood sugar, which is the hallmark of diabetes. Now, since diabetes is a group of disorders, this implies that there are multiple different conditions that can lead to diabetes mellitus, which is true. So let's break down diabetes into three major types. Type I, Type II, and a third category which we'll just label as miscellaneous. Now, before we dive into these three types of diabetes, let's briefly review how the hormone insulin works. In response to increase in blood glucose levels, the pancreas produces and secretes a hormone known as insulin into the bloodstream. And this insulin acts on cells throughout the body to remove the glucose from the bloodstream by either taking it up to use it for energy or to store it in the form of glycogen. And as a result, the blood glucose levels decrease. And these decreased blood glucose levels then serve as a feedback mechanism to inhibit the pancreas from secreting more insulin. So you can see that there are two major steps in this insulin pathway. First, insulin must be secreted by the pancreas in response to this increasing blood glucose level. And second, the cells throughout the body must respond to the insulin in order to carry out its metabolic functions in order to lower the glucose levels. Now, this mechanism can be thought of as similar to that of a thermostat in an air conditioning within a home. When the temperature goes up, this is sensed by the thermostat, which then sends an electrical signal to turn on the air conditioner, which will then decrease t Continue reading >>
Types Of Diabetes
Type 1 Diabetes Type 1 is an inherited disorder that causes the body's immune system to attack the pancreas' insulin-producing cells. It usually strikes suddenly during childhood and persists into adulthood, but sometimes can occur in otherwise healthy adults. That's why it used to be better known as juvenile or childhood-onset diabetes. The Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation estimates that 3 million of the 24 million Americans with diabetes have type 1. The American Diabetes Association is more conservative: They say that between 5 to 10 percent of the total diabetic population has type 1. People with type 1 diabetes will never produce insulin, and therefore must regulate their blood sugar by closely monitoring it and adhering to a strict insulin therapy schedule. Type 2 Diabetes Previously referred to as adult-onset or non-insulin-dependent diabetes, type 2 is the most common of the two diabetes types. The National Diabetes Education Program estimates that more than 90 percent of people with diabetes are diagnosed with type 2. People with type 2 diabetes are genetically predisposed to the disease, and usually develop the condition during middle age as a result of not working out, eating an unhealthy diet, and packing on the pounds. If you're African American, Latino, or Asian American, you have an even higher risk for developing the disease. The risk for type 2 also increases with age, although more and more young people are being diagnosed as our collective body weight skyrockets. When you have type 2 diabetes, you do produce insulin, but the pancreas either produces too little or your cells don't respond to the insulin that is produced. Type 2 diabetes can often be managed with diet and exercise, but can sometimes require oral medication or insulin therapy. Pre-d Continue reading >>
Types Of Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes mellitus (or diabetes) is a chronic, lifelong condition that affects your body's ability to use the energy found in food. There are three major types of diabetes: type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes. All types of diabetes mellitus have something in common. Normally, your body breaks down the sugars and carbohydrates you eat into a special sugar called glucose. Glucose fuels the cells in your body. But the cells need insulin, a hormone, in your bloodstream in order to take in the glucose and use it for energy. With diabetes mellitus, either your body doesn't make enough insulin, it can't use the insulin it does produce, or a combination of both. Since the cells can't take in the glucose, it builds up in your blood. High levels of blood glucose can damage the tiny blood vessels in your kidneys, heart, eyes, or nervous system. That's why diabetes -- especially if left untreated -- can eventually cause heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, blindness, and nerve damage to nerves in the feet. Type 1 diabetes is also called insulin-dependent diabetes. It used to be called juvenile-onset diabetes, because it often begins in childhood. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition. It's caused by the body attacking its own pancreas with antibodies. In people with type 1 diabetes, the damaged pancreas doesn't make insulin. This type of diabetes may be caused by a genetic predisposition. It could also be the result of faulty beta cells in the pancreas that normally produce insulin. A number of medical risks are associated with type 1 diabetes. Many of them stem from damage to the tiny blood vessels in your eyes (called diabetic retinopathy), nerves (diabetic neuropathy), and kidneys (diabetic nephropathy). Even more serious is the increased risk of hea Continue reading >>
What Are The Different Types Of Diabetes?
What are the different types of diabetes? Diabetes is a group of diseases in which the body either doesn’t produce enough or any insulin, does not properly use the insulin that is produced, or a combination of both. When any of these things happens, the body is unable to get sugar from the blood into the cells. That leads to high blood sugar levels. Glucose, the form of sugar found in your blood, is one of your chief energy sources. Lack of insulin or resistance to insulin causes sugar to build up in your blood. This can lead to many health problems. The three main types of diabetes are: type 1 diabetes type 2 diabetes gestational diabetes Type 1 diabetes Type 1 diabetes is believed to be an autoimmune condition. It happens when your immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the beta cells in your pancreas that produce insulin. The damage is permanent. What prompts the attack isn’t clear. There may be both genetic and environmental components. Lifestyle factors aren’t thought to play a role. Type 2 diabetes Type 2 diabetes starts as insulin resistance. This means your body can’t use insulin efficiently. That stimulates your pancreas to produce more insulin until it can no longer keep up with demand. Insulin production decreases, which leads to high blood sugar. The exact cause is unknown. Contributing factors may include genetics, lack of exercise, and being overweight. There may also be other health factors and environmental reasons. Gestational diabetes Gestational diabetes is due to insulin blocking hormones produced during pregnancy. This type of diabetes only occurs during pregnancy. Learn more: What you should know about pregestational diabetes » General symptoms of diabetes include: excessive thirst and hunger frequent urination drowsiness or fatigue Continue reading >>
