Diabetes Prevalence In Ireland
There are two types of diabetes, Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes. The differences and similarities between the two conditions are outlined here. In the absence of a register of people who have diabetes no-one can be entirely sure how many people in Ireland live with diabetes. Overview The total number of people living with diabetes in Ireland is estimated to be 225,840. The International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas (2013) estimate that there are 207,490 people with diabetes in Ireland in the 20 – 79 age group (prevalence of 6.5% in the population) which is in line with previous estimates that by 2020 there would be 233,000 people with the condition, and by 2030 there would be 278,850 people with the condition. Type 1 Diabetes The prevalence of Type 1 Diabetes, an auto-immune condition, is on the rise and is typically diagnosed in childhood. People with type 1 diabetes account for approximately 14,000 – 16,000 of the total diabetes population in Ireland i.e. 10-15% of the population of people living with diabetes. It is estimated there are 2,750 people under 16 years of age living with Type 1 diabetes (based on the Irish Paediatric Diabetes Audit 2012) results and other young adults under 20 years attending transition clinics). Type 2 Diabetes According to the Healthy Ireland survey, 854,165 adults over 40 in the Republic of Ireland are at increased risk of developing (or have) Type 2 diabetes. More alarmingly, there are a further 304,382 in the 30 – 39 year age group that are overweight and not taking the weekly 150 minutes recommended physical activity, leaving them at an increased risk of chronic ill-health. This means that there are 1,158,547 adults in Ireland that need to consider making changes to their daily behaviours in terms of eating healthily Continue reading >>
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Anemia Complicating Type 2 Diabetes: Prevalence, Risk Factors And Prognosis
Abstract Data from the Fremantle Diabetes Study Phase II (FDS2; n = 1551, mean age 65.7 years, 51.9% males) and Busselton Diabetes Study (BDS; n = 186, mean age 70.2 years, 50.0% males) cohorts, and from 186 matched BDS participants without diabetes, were analyzed. The prevalence of anemia (hemoglobin ≤ 130 g/L males, ≤ 120 g/L females) was determined in each sample. In FDS2, associates of anemia were assessed using multiple logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards modeling identified predictors of death during 4.3 ± 1.2 years post-recruitment. The prevalence of anemia at baseline was 11.5% in FDS2 participants, 17.8% in BDS type 2 patients and 5.4% in BDS participants without diabetes. In FDS2, 163 of 178 patients with anemia (91.6%) had at least one other risk factor (serum vitamin B12 < 140 pmol/L, serum ferritin < 30 μg/L and/or transferrin saturation < 20%, serum testosterone < 10 nmol/L (males), glitazone therapy, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min 1.73 m2, malignancy, hemoglobinopathy). More anemic than non-anemic FDS2 patients died (28.7% versus 8.0%; P < 0.001). After adjustment for other independent predictors (age as time-scale, male sex, Aboriginality, marital status, smoking, eGFR), anemia was associated with a 57% increase in mortality (P = 0.015). Type 2 diabetes at least doubles the risk of anemia but other mostly modifiable risk factors are usually present. Anemia is associated with an increased risk of death after adjustment for other predictors. Continue reading >>
Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, Control Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus And Risk Factors In Chinese Rural Population: The Ruraldiab Study
The study aimed to investigate prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to explore potential risk factors in rural areas of China. A total of 16413 individuals aged 18–74 years in rural districts were recruited from the Rural Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle (RuralDiab) study for the epidemiological research. Meanwhile, a meta-analysis including 7 published studies was conducted to validate the result of the cross-sectional study. The rates of crude and age-standardized prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of T2DM were 12.19%, 67.00%, 62.35%, 22.20% and 6.98%, 60.11%, 54.85%, 18.77%, respectively. The prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of T2DM displayed increased trends with age (Ptrend < 0.01) and were strongly associated with education, drinking, more vegetable and fruit intake, physical activity, family history of diabetes, body mass index (BMI). The results of this meta-analysis showed that the pooled prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of T2DM in China countryside were 7.3% (5.3–9.4%), 57.3% (36.9–77.6%), 48.4% (32.4–64.5%) and 21.0% (9.9–32.1%), respectively. The prevalence of T2DM was high with inadequate awareness, treatment and control of T2DM in China rural areas. Healthy lifestyles should be advocated to reduce prevalence and improve awareness, treatment, and control of T2DM in Chinese rural residents. As the third leading cause of mortality, diabetes seriously threatens to human health worldwide1,2, and it has caused large disease burden to the patients, their families and the society, especially in developing countries3,4,5. There are many complications of diabetes such as diabetic eye disease and diabetic nephropathy, which could lead to blindness and kidney failure5,6,7. In ad Continue reading >>
- Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Youth With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study
- Maternal obesity as a risk factor for early childhood type 1 diabetes: a nationwide, prospective, population-based case–control study
- Prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes in 15 states of India: results from the ICMR–INDIAB population-based cross-sectional study
Epidemiology Of Type 2 Diabetes
Epidemiology is the study of the prevalence and the incidence of diseases, and few of the non-communicable diseases have shown such a dramatic increase as type 2 diabetes in the last decades. The World Health Organisation estimated that 9% of the world's population had diabetes in 2014, and over 90% of these suffered from type 2 diabetes. Moreover, type 2 diabetes already causes 5 million deaths per year, mostly from cardiovascular diseases, and type 2 diabetes is expected to become the 7th cause of death globally by 2030. Type 2 diabetes is strongly associated with obesity, and as such the major burden is now in the middle-income and developing countries where urbanisation and recent affluence have rapidly changed lifestyles. Global prevalence of diabetes Figure 1. Actual and projected global diabetes prevalences in subsequent reports. Note how actual prevalences are usually higher than previous estimates, leading to even higher estimates for the future. In the last decades, reports from various organisations have tried to give reliable estimates of both actual and expected prevalences of diabetes. Unfortunately, older estimates have invariably been outpaced by more recent actual prevalences as demonstrated in the 2011 International Diabetes Federation (IDF) report (see figure 1)[1]. The large population of the Western Pacific (WP) region contributes most to the absolute numbers, while the %prevalence is highest in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). In fact, in Saudi Arabia the population prevalence is now a staggering 20%. However, all regions now have prevalences exceeding 5% of the population (see table below)[2], and the burden of type 2 diabetes is increasingly felt and recognized internationally. Region 2013 2035 Population (20–79 years) Number of people Continue reading >>
Type 2 Diabetes Statistics: Facts And Trends
Diabetes mellitus, or diabetes, is a disease that causes high blood sugar. It occurs when there is a problem with insulin. Insulin is a hormone that takes sugar from foods and moves it to the body's cells. If the body does not make enough insulin or does not use insulin well, the sugar from food stays in the blood and causes high blood sugar. There are several different types of diabetes, but the most common is type 2. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) National Diabetes Report, 2014, 90 to 95 percent of people with diabetes in the United States have type 2. Just 5 percent of people have type 1. Contents of this article: Key facts about diabetes in the U.S. Diabetes is at an all-time high in the U.S. The CDC's Division of Diabetes Translation states that 1 percent of the population, which is about a half of a million people, had diagnosed diabetes in 1958. Today, nearly 10 percent of the population have diabetes, according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA). That's 29.1 million Americans, and more than a quarter of these people do not know they have it. The ADA report that the number of people who have diabetes increased by 382 percent from 1988 to 2014. The risk of developing diabetes increases with age. The CDC report that 4.1 percent of people age 20-44 have diabetes, but the number jumps to 25.9 percent for people over 65 years old. As obesity has become more prevalent over the past few decades, so too has the rate of type 2 diabetes. An article in the Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology states that 25.6 percent of Americans are obese, much higher than the 15.3 percent of obese people in 1995. In that same period, the incidence of diabetes increased by 90 percent. Although the link between obesity and diabetes is well Continue reading >>
Type 2 Diabetes In Youth: Epidemiology And Pathophysiology
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is significantly increased in the pediatric population, which is affected by obesity worldwide. The progression from normal glucose tolerance (NGT) to type 2 diabetes involves intermediate stages of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), also known as prediabetes. The pathophysiology underlying the development of these glucose metabolic alterations is multifactorial; however an alteration in the balance between insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion represents the most important player in the development of type 2 diabetes. Obese children and adolescents affected by IGT and type 2 diabetes are characterized by severe insulin resistance, which is associated with an increased lipid accumulation in visceral compartments, liver and muscle tissues and by reduced sensitivity of β-cell of first and second-phase insulin secretion. The progression in obese children of insulin resistance to type 2 diabetes has been shown to be faster than in adults; in addition, type 2 diabetes is already associated with several metabolic and cardiovascular complications in this age group. In the present review, we summarize the most recent findings concerning the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in youth and in particular we explore the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes and the natural history of this pathology in obese children and adolescents. Concurrent with the worldwide epidemic increase of childhood obesity, type 2 diabetes and the two prediabetic conditions, IFG and IGT, are becoming increasingly more common in obese children and adolescents (1,2). Until 10 years ago, type 2 diabetes accounted for less than 3% of all cases of new-onset diabetes in adolescents. At present 45% of cases are attributed to it (3,4). Type 2 diabe Continue reading >>
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- Study finds increasing trends in new diagnosed cases of type 1 and type 2 diabetes among youth
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Comparison Of Type 2 Diabetes Prevalence In Chinese Migrants Vs Caucasians And New Perspectives For Screening Of Cerebrovascular Disease In Chinese: A Proof Of Concept Study
Abstract Aims Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a recognized risk factor for intracranial stenosis (ICS) in China where ischemic stroke is a health priority. In Europe little information is available on T2DM prevalence among Chinese minority groups and vascular screening is commonly limited to extracranial vessels. Feasibility of community-based T2DM screening, differences in T2DM prevalence between Chinese migrants and Italians, and prevalence of ICS among Chinese patients with newly diagnosed T2DM were investigated. Methods Chinese first generation migrants (n = 1200) and native Italians (n = 291) aged 35–59 years were enrolled in a cross-sectional survey. Diagnosis of T2DM was based on fasting plasma glucose and/or current treatment with glucose-lowering drugs. Newly diagnosed Chinese patients were screened for ICS using Doppler ultrasound. Results T2DM was more prevalent among Chinese (n = 168, 14.0%) than Italians (n = 21, 7.3%) (age- and gender adjusted OR 2.29; 95% C.L. 1.41–3.72). Prevalence of ICS among newly diagnosed Chinese was 18.2%. Nine out of the 17 patients with any ICS (52%) had >1 intracranial lesion. Conclusions T2DM screening within the Chinese community was feasible revealing prevalence twice as much as in the Italian cohort; the 18% prevalence of ICS in newly diagnosed Chinese patients stresses the need of implementing appropriate vascular screening strategies. Continue reading >>
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Prevalence Of Type 2 Diabetes In The U.s. From 2007 To 2020*
Premium Statistics on "Diabetes" Statista for Your Company: The Research and Analysis Tool Further Content: Statistics, Studies, and Topic Pages Our Business Solutions: Save Time and Money * All products require an annual contract. Prices do not include sales tax (New York residents only). Continue reading >>
Some Salient Points In Type 2 Diabetes Prevalence In Rural Bengal
Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by failure to properly utilize glucose and other metabolites in the body causing spillover of these substances in the urine, mainly due to relative or absolute deficiencies of insulin secretions by the β- cells of the pancreas. Our observations indicates that prevalence of diabetes in rural Bengal is in between 3.5% - 5.7%. Religion wise prevalence in rural Bengal shows Muslims have lowest prevalence (4.8%) and it is highest in Hindus (5.4%) while Christians (5.1%) in between. Analysis of Food intake patterns show the prevalence of diabetes is more in meat eaters (7.2%). It is most in pork eaters (7.6%), intermediate in chicken eaters (6.4%) and lowest in those who take goat/sheep (6.1%). In vegetarians it is 5.8% and in fish eaters it is 5.2%. Other factors, such as migration from one place to another, food intake habit, exercises have a great role in type 2 diabetes management. Continue reading >>
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Global Trends In The Incidence And Prevalence Of Type 2 Diabetes In Children And Adolescents: A Systematic Review And Evaluation Of Methodological Approaches
Abstract This study aimed to systematically review what has been reported on the incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents, to scrutinise the methodological issues observed in the included studies and to prepare recommendations for future research and surveillances. Methods PubMed, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scopus, EMBASE and Web of Science were searched from inception to February 2013. Population-based studies on incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents were summarised and methodologically evaluated. Owing to substantial methodological heterogeneity and considerable differences in study populations a quantitative meta-analysis was not performed. Results Among 145 potentially relevant studies, 37 population-based studies met the inclusion criteria. Variations in the incidence and prevalence rates of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents were mainly related to age of the study population, calendar time, geographical regions and ethnicity, resulting in a range of 0–330 per 100,000 person-years for incidence rates, and 0–5,300 per 100,000 population for prevalence rates. Furthermore, a substantial variation in the methodological characteristics was observed for response rates (60–96%), ascertainment rates (53–99%), diagnostic tests and criteria used to diagnose type 2 diabetes. Worldwide incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents vary substantially among countries, age categories and ethnic groups and this can be explained by variations in population characteristics and methodological dissimilarities between studies. Notes The authors would like to thank N. Zuiverloon (librarian at the library of Utrecht University) for her helpful suggestions for sear Continue reading >>
Handbook Of Diabetes, 4th Edition, Excerpt #6: Epidemiology And Aetiology Of Type 2 Diabetes
Epidemiological studies of diabetes prevalence are often based upon age and self-reported diagnosis. Consequently differentiating type 1 and type 2 patients in population studies is difficult. The most recent authoritative review of global prevalence published by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) acknowledges these drawbacks. However, as 85 – 95% globally of all adult diabetes is type 2 then total The IDF has also published adult prevalence rates for impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) which closely reflect those for type 2 diabetes. Conversion rates from IGT to diabetes have been reported at 5 – 11% per annum…. Overall prevalence corrected for age for both type 2 diabetes and IGT is set to increase from 6.0% to 7.3% and 7.5% to 8.0% respectively over the 18 years from 2007 to 2025 – an absolute increase from 246 to 380 and 308 to 418 million persons aged 20 – 79 years, respectively (Figure 7.1). The highest rates are currently in the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East with North and South America close behind. These reflect the increased life expectancy and overall ageing of the North American population (diabetes is more common in older years). In terms of absolute numbers, the Western Pacific region (particularly China) will have the largest increase of nearly 50%, to 100 million people with diabetes by 2025. The highest number of people with diabetes is currently in the 40 – 59-year-old age group, but there will be almost parity with 60 – 79 year olds by 2025, at 166 and 164 million worldwide respectively. There is considerable variation within each region, however. For example, in the Western Pacific, the tiny island of Nauru has a comparative prevalence in 2007 of 30.7%, whilst nearby Tonga has less than half that rate at 12.9%, the Philipp Continue reading >>
Prevalence And Distribution Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In Mexican Adult Population. A Probabilistic Survey
ARTÍCULO ORIGINAL Prevalencia y distribuición de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en población adulta mexicana. Una encuesta probabilística Salvador Villalpando, MD, PhD; Vanessa de la Cruz, MSc; Rosalba Rojas, PhD; Teresa Shamah-Levy, MSc; Marco Antonio Ávila, BSc; Berenice Gaona, M Sc; Rosario Rebollar, Lab Tech, Lucia Hernández MSc Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence, distribution and degree of control of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Mexican population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Subjects were classified as previously diagnosed T2D (PD); or as "finding of the survey" (FS) (glucose >126 mg/dL). Hemoglobin A1c was measured in PD-subjects. RESULTS: The prevalence for PD-T2D was 7.34% (95%CI 6.3, 8.5) and for FS 7.07% (95%CI 6.1, 8.1), summing 14.42%; (7.3 million diabetics). 5.3% of PD-T2D were in good, 38.4% in poor and 56.2% very poor control. Older age (OR=0.96, 95%CI 0.94, 0.97), lower BMI (OR=0.95, 95%CI 0.91, 1.0), were protective for poor control. Affiliation to private services (OR=1.77, 95%CI 0.98, 3.13), larger T2D duration (OR=1.05, 95%CI 1.01, 1.08), and combining oral medication and insulin (OR=16.1, 95%CI 1.61, 161) were riskier. CONCLUSIONS: We found an alarming prevalence of T2D in Mexican population; the majority of PD diabetics are in poor control. Research on the latter is warranted. Key words: diabetes; prevalence surveys; glycosylated hemoglobin; Mexico RESUMEN OBJETIVO: Describir la prevalencia, distribución y grado de control de diabetes tipo 2 (DT2) en población mexicana. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Los sujetos fueron clasificados como "previamente diagnosticados" (PD) o "hallazgos de la encuesta" (FS) (glucosa >126 mg/dL). La hemoglobina A1c se midió en DT2-PD. RESULTADOS: La preva Continue reading >>
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- Relative contribution of type 1 and type 2 diabetes loci to the genetic etiology of adult-onset, non-insulin-requiring autoimmune diabetes
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Prevalence Of Type 2 Diabetes Among High-risk Adults In Shanghai From 2002 To 2012
Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the trend and prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes among high-risk adults in Shanghai from 2002 to 2012. From 2002 to 2012, 10043 subjects with known risk factors for diabetes participated in the diabetes-screening project at the Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University. All participants were asked to complete a nurse-administered standard questionnaire concerning age, sex, smoking status, and personal and family histories of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, stroke, hypertension and other diseases. The participants’ body mass index scores, blood pressures and blood glucose levels at 0, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min were measured in response to a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. The overall prevalence of diabetes increased from 27.93% to 34.78% between 2002 and 2012 in high-risk subjects. The study also showed that the prevalence increased much faster in male compared to female subjects. Specifically, an increased rate was seen in middle-aged men, with no change observed in middle-aged females over the eleven-year period. This study showed that sex, age, parental diabetic history, and being overweight were associated with an increased risk for diabetes in high-risk people. Therefore, as prediabetes and diabetes are highly prevalent in people with multiple diabetes risk factors in Shanghai, screening programs targeting these individuals may be beneficial. Figures Citation: Wang C, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Hou X, Lu H, Shen Y, et al. (2014) Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes among High-Risk Adults in Shanghai from 2002 to 2012. PLoS ONE 9(7): e102926. Editor: Aimin Xu, University of Hong Kong, China Received: March 17, 2014; Accepted: June 23, 2014; Published: July 21, 2014 Copyright: © 2014 Wang et al. T Continue reading >>
4364.0.55.001 - National Health Survey: First Results, 2014-15
DIABETES MELLITUS Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition where insulin, a hormone that controls blood glucose levels, is no longer produced or not produced in sufficient amounts by the body. It significantly affects the health of many Australians and can result in a range of complications, including serious damage to the nerves and blood vessels. If left undiagnosed or poorly managed, diabetes can lead to coronary heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, limb amputations or blindness. Definitions In this publication, data on diabetes refers to persons who reported having been told by a doctor or nurse that they had diabetes, irrespective of whether the person considered their diabetes to be current or long-term. This definition was first used for estimates of diabetes in Australian Health Survey: Updated Results, 2011-12 (cat. no. 4364.0.55.003). Estimates of diabetes for all years in this publication are presented using this definition. In earlier publications, persons who had reported having diabetes but that it was not current were not included. Data excludes gestational diabetes. In 2014-15, 5.1% of the Australian population (1.2 million people) had some type of diabetes, an increase from 4.5% in 2011-12. One million people (4.4%) had Type 2 diabetes in 2014-15, up from 840,000 people (3.8%) in 2011-12. A further 158,900 people (0.7%) had Type 1 diabetes in 2014-15, up from 113,400 people in 2011-12 (0.5%). More males (5.7%) had diabetes than females (4.6%) in 2014-15, and, as with many health conditions, the rate of diabetes increased with age. Of people aged 75 years and over, almost one in five (18.4%) had diabetes in 2014-15. One of the main risk factors for developing Type 2 diabetes is being overweight or obese[1], as excess body weight can interfere with the Continue reading >>
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Type 2 Diabetes Statistics And Facts
Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes. Read on to learn some of the key facts and statistics about the people who have it and how to manage it. Risk factors Many risk factors for type 2 diabetes include lifestyle decisions that can be reduced or even cut out entirely with time and effort. Men are also at slightly higher risk of developing diabetes than women. This may be more associated with lifestyle factors, body weight, and where the weight is located (abdominally versus in the hip area) than with innate gender differences. Significant risk factors include: older age excess weight, particularly around the waist family history certain ethnicities physical inactivity poor diet Prevalence Type 2 diabetes is increasingly prevalent but also largely preventable. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), type 2 diabetes accounts for about 90 to 95 percent of all diagnosed cases of diabetes in adults. The CDC also gives us the following information: In general Research suggests that 1 out of 3 adults has prediabetes. Of this group, 9 out of 10 don't know they have it. 29.1 million people in the United States have diabetes, but 8.1 million may be undiagnosed and unaware of their condition. About 1.4 million new cases of diabetes are diagnosed in United States every year. More than one in every 10 adults who are 20 years or older has diabetes. For seniors (65 years and older), that figure rises to more than one in four. Cases of diagnosed diabetes cost the United States an estimated $245 billion in 2012. This cost is expected to rise with the increasing diagnoses. In pregnancy and parentingAccording to the CDC, 4.6 to 9.2 percent of pregnancies may be affected by gestational diabetes. In up to 10 percent of them, the mother is diagnosed w Continue reading >>
