Diabetes
Key points Diabetes has become a major threat to public health. It is one of the major causes of premature illness and death in most countries, and is becoming more common. There are two main types – type 1 and type 2. Around 2.5 million people in the UK have diabetes, most of which is type 2. It is also estimated that up to 750,000 people may have type 2 diabetes without knowing it. Type 1 diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes) is an auto-immune condition in which the immune system of the body turns against itself, causing permanent damage to particular cells in the pancreas that produce insulin. Insulin production ceases. Type 1 diabetes is managed by injections of insulin coupled with a healthy diet. Type 2 diabetes (non-insulin dependent diabetes) occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin or the insulin produced does not work properly (this is known as insulin resistance). It is typically associated with being overweight or obese. Diet modification and physical activity are the two main approaches to treatment of type 2 diabetes. Eating a healthy balanced diet, taking regular physical activity, and maintaining a healthy body weight can help to prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes. People with diabetes should try to maintain a healthy weight and eat a diet that is low in fat (particularly saturates) and salt but contains plenty of fruit and vegetables (at least five portions a day) and starchy carbohydrate foods such as bread, rice and pasta (particularly whole-grain versions). Public health Diabetes has become a major threat to public health. It is one of the major causes of premature illness and death in most countries, largely through the increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in people with diabetes. Cardiovascular disease is accounta Continue reading >>
- American Diabetes Association® Releases 2018 Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes, with Notable New Recommendations for People with Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes
- Leeds diabetes clinical champion raises awareness of gestational diabetes for World Diabetes Day
- Diabetes doctors: Which specialists treat diabetes?
Condition Driven: Diabetes
You and your patients can depend on products and programs from Abbott Nutrition – developed using the latest scientific information – to help support diabetes management through healthy eating and lifestyle modifications. The Need for Proper Nutrition for People with Type 2 Diabetes 29.1 million people in the U.S. have diabetes and it has been projected that as many as one of three U.S. adults could have diabetes by 2050. Type 2 diabetes accounts for about 95% diabetes prevalence in adults and rates are expected to rise sharply, in part due to the aging population more likely to develop type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of diagnosed diabetes is about seven times as high among adults aged 65 years or older as among those aged 20–44 years. 1,2 Meeting the Nutritional Needs of Your Patients with Diabetes Nutrition management aims to improve health quality by managing glucose levels to help reduce the risks for secondary complications. The recommended diet can be defined as a meal plan based on a nutrition assessment and mutually accepted treatment goals and desired outcomes. Patient Resources The Impact and Complications of Poor Nutrition Glycemia-targeted nutrition, such as Glucerna, has been shown to support improved blood glucose response References Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Diabetes Report Card 2012. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Department of Health and Human Services; 2012. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Diabetes Statistics Report: Estimates of Diabetes and Its Burden in the United States, 2014. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2014. Continue reading >>
Type 1 Diabetes Nutrition
If you have type 1 diabetes, it is important to know how many carbohydrates you eat at a meal. This information helps you determine how much insulin you should take with your meal to maintain blood sugar (glucose) control. Carbohydrates are the main type of food that raises blood sugar. The starch, fruit and milk groups of the Food Group Pyramid for Diabetes are high in carbs. Foods in the Other Carbohydrates and Combination Food groups are also high in carbs. The vegetable group has a small amount of carbohydrates. The meat and fat groups have few or no carbs. The amount of carbohydrates you eat at each meal will determine how high your blood sugar rises after the meal. The other two major nutrients, protein and fat ,also have an effect on blood glucose levels, though it is not as rapid or great as carbohydrates. Most people with diabetes can control their blood sugar by limiting carbohydrate servings to 2-4 per meal and 1-2 per snack. A delicate balance of carbohydrate intake, insulin, and physical activity is necessary for the best blood sugar (glucose) levels. Eating carbohydrates increases your blood sugar (glucose) level. Exercise tends to decrease it (although not always). If the three factors are not in balance, you can have wide swings in blood sugar (glucose) levels. If you have type 1 diabetes and take a fixed dose of insulin, the carbohydrate content of your meals and snacks should be consistent from day to day. CHILDREN AND DIABETES Weight and growth patterns can help determine if a child with type 1 diabetes is getting enough nutrition. Changes in eating habits and more physical activity help improve blood sugar (glucose) control. For children with diabetes, special occasions (like birthdays or Halloween) require additional planning because of the extra sw Continue reading >>
Nutrition Guidelines For Diabetes Management
If you have diabetes, it is important to eat well to help keep yourself healthy. Nutrition care should be personalized for each person based on blood glucose (sugar) level, blood lipid (fat) levels, risk factors for heart disease and high blood pressure, exercise habits, and food preferences. For most people, general guidelines for diabetes are as follows: Aim to maintain a healthy weight Exercise moderately for about 30 minutes at least five times per week Get your carbohydrates mainly from fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and low-fat or skim dairy products Limit saturated fats, trans fats, and dietary cholesterol Do not use low-carbohydrate diets to control diabetes Weight If you currently have prediabetes, controlling your weight can help prevent you from getting type 2 diabetes. If you already have diabetes, controlling your weight can help you improve your blood sugar levels. A healthy eating pattern, combined with regular physical activity, can help people who are overweight lose weight and keep it off. Frequently, this will also lead to improvements in blood lipid levels. Diets for weight loss Individuals must find a healthy eating pattern that they can continue for a lifetime in order to successfully achieve weight loss and weight maintenance. No best diet exists because different things work for different people. However, changing eating and exercise behaviors is essential for successful weight loss. To lose weight, a deficit (decrease) of approximately 500 calories per day is generally recommended. A combination of eating and drinking fewer calories, and burning more calories through physical activity can create this deficit, and help you lose weight. Generally, about 1 hour per day of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, such as brisk walking, along Continue reading >>
Diabetes And Nutrition
People who have diabetes have too much sugar in their blood. Managing diabetes means managing your blood sugar level. What you eat is closely connected to the amount of sugar in your blood. The right food choices will help you control your blood sugar level. Path to improved health Eating well is one of the primary things you can do to help control diabetes. Do I have to follow a special diet? There isn’t one specific “diabetes diet.” Your doctor can work with you to design a meal plan. A meal plan is a guide that tells you what kinds of food to eat at meals and for snacks. The plan also tells you how much food to have. For most people who have diabetes (and those without, too), a healthy diet consists of: 40% to 60% of calories from carbohydrates. 20% calories from protein. 30% or fewer calories from fat. Your diet should also be low in cholesterol, low in salt, and low in added sugar. Can I eat any sugar? Yes. In recent years, doctors have learned that eating some sugar doesn’t usually cause problems for most people who have diabetes — as long as it is part of a balanced diet. Just be careful about how much sugar you eat and try not to add sugar to foods. What kinds of foods can I eat? In general, at each meal you may have: 2 to 5 choices (or up to 60 grams) of carbohydrates. 1 choice of protein. A certain amount of fat. Talk to your doctor or dietitian for specific advice. Carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are found in fruits, vegetables, beans, dairy foods, and starchy foods such as breads. Try to have fresh fruits rather than canned fruits, fruit juices, or dried fruit. You may eat fresh vegetables and frozen or canned vegetables. Condiments such as nonfat mayonnaise, ketchup, and mustard are also carbohydrates. Protein. Protein is found in meat, poultry, fish Continue reading >>
Diabetes Care And Education Dpg
The Diabetes Care and Education DPG promotes quality diabetes care and education for people with diabetes and their families and for those at risk for developing diabetes. As leaders in the healthcare community, DCE members make positive contributions for people with diabetes and their families, the DCE membership, healthcare providers, other professional organizations and industry partners. DCE provides an environment for professional growth to members, promotes clinical and educational research, takes a proactive position on nutrition and diabetes legislative and public policy issues and responds to the needs of collaborative diabetes organizations and industry. Members practice in a variety of settings including clinical settings, education, private practice, public health, managed care organizations, industry and research. They also are active at the local, regional and national levels in diabetes organizations. DCE developed Nutrition Practice Guidelines for type 1, type 2 and gestational diabetes and continues to develop nutrition/diabetes publications for professionals and people with diabetes. DCE is a past recipient of the prestigious Charles Best Award from the American Diabetes Association. Mission: Empowering DCE members to be leaders in food, nutrition, and diabetes care and prevention. Vision: Optimizing the health of people impacted by diabetes using food, nutrition, and self-management education. Officers Chair: Liz Quintana, EdD, RD, LD, CDE Chair-elect: Alyce Thomas, RD Past Chair/Industry Relations: Susan Yake, RDN, CDE, CLT, CD Secretary: Susan Rizzo, RD, LDN, CDE Treasurer: Paula Kellogg Leibovitz, MS, RDN, CDE, CDN Treasurer-elect: Mary Angela Niester, MPH, RD Professional Development Chair: Laura Russell, MA, CDE, RD Public Policy Liaison: Donna M Continue reading >>
The Role Of Nutrition In The Management Of Diabetes Mellitus
The Role of Nutrition in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus 1. Introduction Scientificevidence abound to show that the prevalence of diabetes mellitus(DM) is increasing around the world at a rate that appears dramatic as to have been characterized as an epidemic[1]. Among severalfactors thathave been postulated to contribute to DM epidemic, environmentalfactors have drawn particular attention because of the rapidity of the increase in type 2 or the so called ‘maturity on- set’ diabetes mellitus. Nobuko Seike, Mitsuhiko Noda and Takashi Kadowaki [2] evaluated the association between alcohol consumption and the risk of type 2 DM,it was pointed out that type 2 diabetes mellitus is closely related to life style factors including diet, physical activities, alcohol and smoking as well as obesity and a family history of diabetes. According to the researchers, in Japan the prevalence of diabetes mellitus both for men over age 50 and women over 60 well exceeds 10% and most have type 2 DM which is associated with excessive energy intake, lack of physical exercise and obesity. In addition, Mayes and Botham[3]revealed that obesity – particularly, abdominal obesity(a diet related disorder) is a risk factor for increased mortality, hypertension, type 2 DM, hyperlipidaemia and various endocrine dysfunctions. On the other hand,type 1 DM, or ’Juvenile DM’ or ‘insulin-dependent’ diabetes is less common than type 2. Only 10% of all diabetics have type 1. Type 1 diabetes occurs when the pancreas produces no insulin at all. It tends to emerge in childhood or early adulthood (before the age of 40) and must be regulated by regularly injecting insulin. Although the exact cause of type 1 diabetes is currently unknown, it is widely believed that majority of type 1 diabetes is of t Continue reading >>
Center For Nutrition And Diabetes Management
The Center for Nutrition and Diabetes Management exists to treat the body, educate the mind, and nurture the spirit of people with nutritional needs and diabetes so they may lead satisfying, productive and healthy lives. Our emphasis is to assist people to make positive behavioral changes that will help them achieve and maintain good health, as well as prevent or minimize the complications that may develop. The program is staffed by certified diabetes educators and registered dietitians who work with healthcare professionals including endocrinologists, ophthalmologists, cardiologists, nephrologists, podiatrists, primary care physicians and social workers. This team approach encourages communication, which enhances the learning experience. National Recognition The Center for Nutrition and Diabetes Management has been awarded the prestigious American Diabetes Association (ADA) Certificate of Recognition for quality diabetes education programs. The rigorous ADA recognition process ensures that the Hunterdon Medical Center´s Center for Nutrition and Diabetes Management has met the National Standards for Diabetes Patient Education. Our program has been nationally accredited since 1992 and is recognized as a center of excellence by the ADA because it offers high-quality education services to the patients in the community. Continue reading >>
Diabetes: Nutrition For Athletes With Diabetes
Many people with diabetes are afraid to exercise because they fear low blood sugars (hypoglycemia). But, with careful control and by eating properly, you can succeed in sports. In fact, there are many professional athletes who have diabetes. The most important thing is to be aware of the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia and be prepared. Some-times it’s easy to think you are sweaty or light-headed because you are playing hard. However, this could be a sign of low blood sugar. Other symptoms of hypoglycemia are: weakness/fatigue, shaking, headache, irritability, confusion, dizziness, hunger and impaired vision. The following are some tips and strategies to help you control your blood sugars and perform your best: Blood glucose levels should be closely monitored before exercise. Do not start exercise with low blood sugars (below 70). Have a snack first. Do not exercise if your blood sugars are 300 or above. Be sure to check for ketones in your urine if blood sugars are 240 or above. Do not exercise if there are ketones. A carbohydrate-based meal or snack is recommended one to three hours before exercising. Always carry some form of carbohydrates with you, such as hard candy, dried fruits (raisins), fresh fruits, granola bars or crackers. Be sure to let your coach and/or other teammates know that you are diabetic and what the signs/symptoms of hypoglycemia are so that they can help you if this should occur. If you are on insulin, be sure to talk to your doctor about adjusting your dosage for exercise. Most of the time, having a snack before exercise will suffice. Plan to snack during the activity if it lasts longer than one hour. For day-long events, eat six small meals containing both carbohydrates and protein. (Avoid high-sugar, high-fat foods.) Eat after the event to Continue reading >>
Marshall Diabetes And Nutrition Education
What You Need to Know About Diabetes Diabetes is a common condition that includes a group of diseases that disrupts your body’s ability to produce and/or utilize insulin. Diabetes can lead to serious complications, including heart disease and stroke leading to premature death. The good news is that people with diabetes can take steps to learn about the disease and how to control it to lower their risk of developing complications. There are many types of Diabetes, with Type 2 diabetes being the most common, accounting for more than 90% of all cases. The risk factors for prediabetes and diabetes include: Obesity Physical inactivity A family history of diabetes Gestational diabetes (diabetes while pregnant) Having a baby with a birth weight of over 9 lbs. high blood pressure (over 140/90 mmHg) low HDL cholesterol (35 mg/dl or lower) or high triglycerides (250 mg/dl or higher) Diagnosing Diabetes Diabetes often goes undiagnosed because symptoms are not recognized. In order to diagnose diabetes, a physician will need to take a blood sugar test. Diabetes often goes undiagnosed because patients do not recognize the symptoms, and, as a result, neglect to mention them to their doctor. Some typical diabetes symptoms include: Increased fatigue Frequent urination Excessive thirst Irritability Blurry vision Extreme hunger Unusual weight loss If you have one or more of these diabetes symptoms, see your health care provider right away. Keeping Diabetes Under Control Lifestyle changes are extremely important for decreasing the risks of developing diabetes and for managing diabetes. Controlling blood glucose levels, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels can be accomplished by the following: Healthy Eating – A well balanced diet which includes whole grains, fresh fruits and vegetabl Continue reading >>
Diabetes Diet: Create Your Healthy-eating Plan
Your diabetes diet is simply a healthy-eating plan that will help you control your blood sugar. Here's help getting started, from meal planning to exchange lists and counting carbohydrates. Definition A diabetes diet simply means eating the healthiest foods in moderate amounts and sticking to regular mealtimes. A diabetes diet is a healthy-eating plan that's naturally rich in nutrients and low in fat and calories. Key elements are fruits, vegetables and whole grains. In fact, a diabetes diet is the best eating plan for most everyone. Purpose If you have diabetes or prediabetes, your doctor will likely recommend that you see a dietitian to help you develop a healthy eating plan. The plan helps you control your blood sugar (glucose), manage your weight and control risk factors for heart disease, such as high blood pressure and high blood fats. When you eat excess calories and fat, your body responds by creating an undesirable rise in blood glucose. If blood glucose isn't kept in check, it can lead to serious problems, such as a dangerously high blood glucose level (hyperglycemia) and long-term complications, such as nerve, kidney and heart damage. You can help keep your blood glucose level in a safe range by making healthy food choices and tracking your eating habits. For most people with type 2 diabetes, weight loss also can make it easier to control blood glucose and offers a host of other health benefits. If you need to lose weight, a diabetes diet provides a well-organized, nutritious way to reach your goal safely. Diet details A diabetes diet is based on eating three meals a day at regular times. This helps your body better use the insulin it produces or gets through a medication. A registered dietitian can help you put together a diet based on your health goals, tas Continue reading >>
Diabetes
What is diabetes? When a food containing carbohydrate is eaten, your body digests the carbohydrate into sugar (called glucose), which can then be used as energy by the cells in your body. Diabetes is a condition where your body can’t properly control the amount of glucose in your blood. A hormone called insulin is needed for transferring glucose from the bloodstream to enter the body cells and be converted to energy. In people with diabetes, blood glucose levels are often higher than normal because either the body does not produce insulin (type 1 diabetes) or cannot use insulin properly (type 2 diabetes). High levels of glucose in the bloodstream can lead to short term complications such as: passing large amounts of urine being extremely thirsty and drinking lots of fluids being tired having blurred vision having frequent skin infections and being slow to heal Blood glucose levels are normally between about 4.0 and 8.0 mmol/L. People with diabetes should aim for blood glucose levels as near to normal as possible, but individual targets should always be discussed with your diabetes health care professional. Controlling diabetes is important to prevent serious long term complications such as: heart and circulation problems infections kidney disease eye problems, which can lead to blindness nerve damage to the lower limbs and other parts of the body Types of diabetes There are three types of diabetes: Type 1 diabetes Type 1 diabetes affects less than 1% of all Australians. It can appear at any age, but most commonly in childhood and early adult life. People with type 1 diabetes cannot produce enough insulin, and therefore they must inject themselves with insulin several times a day. Type 2 diabetes Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes, affecting 7.1 % of a Continue reading >>
- American Diabetes Association® Releases 2018 Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes, with Notable New Recommendations for People with Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes
- Leeds diabetes clinical champion raises awareness of gestational diabetes for World Diabetes Day
- Diabetes doctors: Which specialists treat diabetes?
Nutrition Education And Counseling
At Central Vermont Medical Center, Nutrition and Diabetes education is provided through our Certified Diabetes Educator or through our Community Health Team. Make a change in your life today! Ask your primary care provider for a referral to one our our dietitians or Certified Diabetes Educator. Our Nutrition Education and Counseling Program includes one-on-one nutrition education and counseling, for adults and children, for many conditions. Dietitians, available through our Community Health Team, provide quality and confidential nutrition counseling and education tailored to your specific needs. We work with you to develop realistic lifestyle goals to best improve or maintain your health. Conditions that our dietitians can help you with include diabetes, weight management, heart disease. high cholesterol, high blood pressure, eating disorders, cancer, kidney stones, gastrointestinal issues, food allergies & intolerances, and individualized meal planning. Diabetes Self-Management Education Our Diabetes Self-Management Education program offers training to people with diabetes so they can live healthy lives. Our approach promotes patient-centered care, working with primary care providers to help patients take control of this chronic condition. At CVMC, we provide education to help you manage your blood sugar, diet, and fitness routine. We can tailor a program to your personal diabetes needs. Our services include: One-on-one counseling Diabetes group education Insulin pump therapy Insulin management Continuous glucose monitoring For more information about diabetes, including symptoms and risk factors, click here. Continue reading >>
Diabetes And Nutrition Education Center
For patients who struggle with diabetes, heart disease, obesity, and other medical conditions, our experienced certified diabetes educators, including both registered dietitians and registered nurses, at the Diabetes and Nutrition Education Center are here to help you take control of your life. Do you have a first-time appointment? Fill out your patient forms and see parking information to help it go smoothly. Also see what patients have to say about the Diabetes and Nutrition Education Center. Learn More If you have diabetes, you are not alone. An estimated 30 million Americans have some form of diabetes. Our Diabetes Self-Management Education Program, recognized by the American Diabetes Association, will teach you skills to manage your diabetes and live a full and active live. Learn More Our registered dietitians will work one-on-one with you to individualize a Medical Nutrition Therapy Plan to help you establish new eating habits and achieve results. Learn More Continue reading >>
Chapter 15: Nutrition For Diabetes Mellitus
1. A person is diagnosed as having diabetes mellitus if his or her fasting blood glucose level on two occasions is greater than _____ mg/dL. a. 90 b. 120 c. 126 d. 156 C 2. Long-term complications of diabetes mellitus include a. arthritis, rheumatism, and osteoporosis. b. retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. c. impaired immunity and opportunistic infections. d. dermatitis, nephrotic syndrome, and detached retina. B 3. The type of diabetes therapy that seems to be most effective in decreasing and delaying the complications of diabetes is a. psychotherapy. b. intensive therapy. c. combined therapy. d. conventional therapy. B 4. The three main symptoms of untreated type 1 diabetes mellitus are a. polyphagia, polyuria, and polydipsia. b. neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy. c. confusion, loss of coordination, and headaches. d. fatigue, loss of appetite, and frequent infections. A 5. The cause of type 1 diabetes mellitus is a. excessive intake of simple sugars. b. destruction of pancreatic beta cells. c. inability of cells to respond to insulin in the bloodstream. d. inability of the pancreas to keep up with the body's demands for insulin. B 6. The two strongest risk factors for type 2 diabetes are a. obesity and family history. b. recurrent viral infections and stress. c. male gender and upper body obesity. d. preference for sweet foods and sedentary lifestyle. A 7. In individuals with type 2 diabetes, insulin production is generally a. absent. b. normal. c. decreased. d. increased. D 8. Type 2 diabetes is becoming more prevalent in children, largely because of a. increased intakes of refined sugar. b. increased awareness and diagnosis. c. the increasing prevalence of overweight children. d. inheritance of a dominant gene that causes the disease. C 9. For individu Continue reading >>
