Your Baby Bump: What Your Growing Belly Reveals About Baby
All pregnancy bumps are different, so it’s no wonder that some women worry their pregnant tummies might be too big, too small, or the wrong shape. Some women even fear that their belly size may reflect a health problem for themselves or their baby. Fear not. Here are some common questions and answers regarding the size of that mysterious pregnancy bump. Is My Bump the Right Size? It is a common myth that big bumps mean big babies—and likewise, that a small bump means a small baby. In most cases this is just not true (but some moms still worry that their baby is “the wrong size”). Chances are, if you are tall and have good muscle tone, you will carry high and your tummy might not be very noticeable. Conversely, if you are small and are carrying a big baby, your bump will most likely be truly present for all to see. In Queen Charlotte’s Hospital Guide to Pregnancy & Birth, author Adriana Hunter writes that there are two obvious ways of assessing whether a fetus is developing normally: by measuring the height of the fundus (the distance from your pelvic bone to the top of the uterus, a distance that grows by about one centimeter a week); or by assessing fetal size through abdominal palpation. “If your baby is found to be smaller or larger than expected this could mean that your dates are not accurate and further measurements taken using an ultrasound scan will probably be able to assess the exact age of the pregnancy and you may be given a revised due date,” explains Hunter. “If your baby is indeed smaller, or larger, than expected but its stage of development implies that your dates are correct, the fetus is said to be ‘small-for-dates’ [SFD] or ‘large-for-dates’ [LFD] respectively.” Hunter adds that neither of these notations are necessarily cau Continue reading >>
My Daughter Is 37 Weeks Pregnant And Baby Has Enlarged
HouseDoc : In the womb, the developing baby's abdomen swells with fluid. That fluid disappears after birth, leading to a wrinkled abdomen that looks like a prune. The appearance is more noticeable due to the lack of abdominal muscles. This condition is called prune belly syndrome. Customer: no but the stomach is really huge they have comented on this at all scans and she had about 5 was with her this morning and got photo and stomach is over her nose i cant think of anything else since need to know if anything could b wrong need to b prepared to support her she is 34 HouseDoc : One reason can be excessive fluid in the belly causing a big belly and can be due to weak abdominal muscles. If she was tested for diabetes did she have 3hr glucose tolerance test? As woman having gestational diabetes can make the baby's belly to swell. If the belly is too big her OB/GYN can choose immediate C section. HouseDoc : if the baby has prune belly syndrome which can be diagnosed by an ultrasound where mother would have less amniotic fluid, baby's bladder may be swollen and so is kidneys. Customer: yes she had full test done and was clear and they only said stomach was extra big dont want to see her again for 2 weeks said they will not let her go overdue but i need to know if it could b something serious doesnt matter how bad i have to know im up the walls looking at photo all u can see is stomach HouseDoc : Okay if the tests were normal than it's unlikely that the baby has prune belly syndrome which is a serious condition. If the tests were normal then it might be just the fluid built up in belly. HouseDoc : If the baby's growth development is normal and bladder and kidneys does not have any swelling then it's unlikely there us any serious condition. Customer: but why is her stomach nea Continue reading >>
Gestational Diabetes And Pregnancy
Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that is first seen in a pregnant woman who did not have diabetes before she was pregnant. Some women have more than one pregnancy affected by gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes usually shows up in the middle of pregnancy. Doctors most often test for it between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy. Often gestational diabetes can be controlled through eating healthy foods and regular exercise. Sometimes a woman with gestational diabetes must also take insulin. Problems of Gestational Diabetes in Pregnancy Blood sugar that is not well controlled in a woman with gestational diabetes can lead to problems for the pregnant woman and the baby: An Extra Large Baby Diabetes that is not well controlled causes the baby’s blood sugar to be high. The baby is “overfed” and grows extra large. Besides causing discomfort to the woman during the last few months of pregnancy, an extra large baby can lead to problems during delivery for both the mother and the baby. The mother might need a C-Section to deliver the baby. The baby can be born with nerve damage due to pressure on the shoulder during delivery. C-Section (Cesarean Section) A C-section is an operation to deliver the baby through the mother’s belly. A woman who has diabetes that is not well controlled has a higher chance of needing a C-section to deliver the baby. When the baby is delivered by a C-section, it takes longer for the woman to recover from childbirth. High Blood Pressure (Preeclampsia) When a pregnant woman has high blood pressure, protein in her urine, and often swelling in fingers and toes that doesn’t go away, she might have preeclampsia. It is a serious problem that needs to be watched closely and managed by her doctor. High blood pressure can cause harm to both Continue reading >>
Large For Gestational Age
Large for gestational age (LGA) is an indication of high prenatal growth rate. LGA is often defined as a weight, length, or head circumference that lies above the 90th percentile for that gestational age.[1] However, it has been suggested that the definition be restricted to infants with birth weights greater than the 97th percentile (2 standard deviations above the mean) as this more accurately describes infants who are at greatest risk for perinatal morbidity and mortality.[2][3] Macrosomia, which literally means "long body", is sometimes confused with LGA. Some experts consider a baby to be big when it weighs more than 8 pounds 13 ounces (4,000 g) at birth, and others say a baby is big if it weighs more than 9 pounds 15 ounces (4,500 g).[4] A baby is also called “large for gestational age” if its weight is greater than the 90th percentile at birth.[5] Diagnosis[edit] LGA and macrosomia cannot be diagnosed until after birth, as it is impossible to accurately estimate the size and weight of a child in the womb.[4] Babies that are large for gestational age throughout the pregnancy may be suspected because of an ultrasound, but fetal weight estimations in pregnancy are quite imprecise.[4] For non-diabetic women, ultrasounds and care providers are equally inaccurate at predicting whether or not a baby will be big. If an ultrasound or a care provider predicts a big baby, they will be wrong half the time.[4] Although big babies are born to only 1 out of 10 women,[citation needed] the 2013 Listening to Mothers Survey found that 1 out of 3 American women were told that their babies were too big.[6] In the end,[clarification needed] the average birth weight of these suspected “big babies” was only 7 pounds 13 ounces (3,500 g).[7] In the end,[clarification needed] care Continue reading >>
Belly Fat Linked To Gestational Diabetes Risk
HealthDay Reporter TUESDAY, Nov. 3, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- Women with high levels of abdominal fat in their first trimester are at increased risk for diabetes later in pregnancy, a new study suggests. The study included nearly 500 women, aged 18 to 42, who had ultrasounds to assess their abdominal fat at 11 to 14 weeks of pregnancy. Those with higher levels of fat were more likely to develop diabetes at 24 to 28 weeks of pregnancy. But the study only showed an association, and not a cause-and-effect relationship, between belly fat and diabetes risk in pregnancy. The study was published Nov. 2 in the journal Diabetes Care. "This study highlights the potential to screen patients in their early stages of pregnancy, and use abdominal fat to predict the development of diabetes," study author Leanne De Souza, from St. Michael's Hospital in Toronto, said in a hospital news release. De Souza is research program manager at St. Michael's and a Ph.D. candidate in obstetrics and gynecology at the University of Toronto. "By taking pictures of abdominal fat in early pregnancy using ultrasound during routine clinical visits, we could identify women with high levels of abdominal fat who may be at risk of developing gestational diabetes later on," she added. Gestational diabetes is diabetes that occurs for the first time when a woman is pregnant. Typically, doctors screen pregnant women for diabetes in the second or third trimester, looking at risk factors such as age, ethnicity, family history, blood sugar testing and overall body fat. "The problem with those risk factors is that they don't really tell us who's at a high risk of diabetes," De Souza said. "Up to 60 percent of women will start their pregnancy overweight, many women are having children at an older age, and most people h Continue reading >>
Gestational Diabetes Symptoms And Diagnosis
Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy. It's different from both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Like other forms of diabetes, it causes high levels of glucose (a simple sugar) in the blood. Gestational diabetes develops when various pregnancy hormones and body changes — including weight gain — cause cells to use insulin (a hormone that regulates blood glucose) less efficiently. As many as 9.2 percent of pregnant women in the United States develop gestational diabetes, according to a 2014 report in the journal Preventing Chronic Disease. Symptoms of Gestational Diabetes For most women, gestational diabetes doesn't cause any noticeable signs or symptoms. If you do experience symptoms (which are caused by high blood glucose levels), they may include: Blurred vision Fatigue Excessive thirst and urination Nausea and vomiting not associated with normal pregnancy Weight loss Increased rate of infections, particularly in the urinary tract (bladder), vagina, and skin These symptoms tend to go away after giving birth, when blood glucose levels return to normal. Gestational Diabetes Complications Uncontrolled gestational diabetes can cause a number of complications in both pregnant women and their babies. It can raise your risk of developing preeclampsia, a potentially deadly condition during pregnancy that involves high blood pressure, too much protein in the urine, swelling, and depression. You may require a Cesarean section (C-section) because your baby is considerably larger than normal, a condition known as macrosomia. And if your blood glucose levels aren't tightly controlled during pregnancy, your baby will have an increased risk of dying before or soon after birth, and may be born with: Temporary hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) Jaundice ( Continue reading >>
Macrosomia – 5 Myths About Big Babies And Birth
When thinking about giving birth, we often jump to thinking about the size of baby. There is so much joking and fear about huge babies in the movies, on commercials and even amongst friends. We think having a big baby means pain, complications and birth interventions, such as a c-section. But is baby's size something we really need to worry about? Firstly, it helps to understand some basics about the definition of big baby, and what it really means. Macrosomia Definition Macrosomia literally means ‘large body,' and is the medical term for a big baby. A baby is considered macrosomic by some if they are 4kg (8lb 13oz) or larger. Other professionals define macrosomia as a baby weighing 4.5kg (9lb 15oz) or larger. The average size of a full term baby is 3.4kg (7lb 8oz). Keeping in mind that an average is just that, an average. Some babies will be smaller than that, others much larger. That's how we calculate an average, by working out the mid figure. So there is a wide range of normal. How Common Are Big Babies? If we define a large baby as ≥4.5kg, around 1.8% of Australian babies are considered macrosomic, or big. Similar statistics are seen in the US with 1.8% of babies being born ≥4.5kg. If we define large babies as ≥4kg around 8.7% of US babies are macrosomic. While having a large baby can increase the risk of certain birth complications, a large baby does not automatically equal a high risk birth. We hear of growth scans, percentages and weights before baby is even born, which leads to the idea that baby's size is extremely important. While baby's size can impact labour, there are many myths surrounding just how much it impacts it. Here are 5 myths about fetal macrosomia babies and birth: #1: A Baby Can Be Accurately Diagnosed As Macrosomic Before Birth While w Continue reading >>
Gestational Diabetes
Overview Gestational diabetes develops during pregnancy (gestation). Like other types of diabetes, gestational diabetes affects how your cells use sugar (glucose). Gestational diabetes causes high blood sugar that can affect your pregnancy and your baby's health. Any pregnancy complication is concerning, but there's good news. Expectant women can help control gestational diabetes by eating healthy foods, exercising and, if necessary, taking medication. Controlling blood sugar can prevent a difficult birth and keep you and your baby healthy. In gestational diabetes, blood sugar usually returns to normal soon after delivery. But if you've had gestational diabetes, you're at risk for type 2 diabetes. You'll continue working with your health care team to monitor and manage your blood sugar. Symptoms For most women, gestational diabetes doesn't cause noticeable signs or symptoms. When to see a doctor If possible, seek health care early — when you first think about trying to get pregnant — so your doctor can evaluate your risk of gestational diabetes as part of your overall childbearing wellness plan. Once you're pregnant, your doctor will check you for gestational diabetes as part of your prenatal care. If you develop gestational diabetes, you may need more-frequent checkups. These are most likely to occur during the last three months of pregnancy, when your doctor will monitor your blood sugar level and your baby's health. Your doctor may refer you to additional health professionals who specialize in diabetes, such as an endocrinologist, a registered dietitian or a diabetes educator. They can help you learn to manage your blood sugar level during your pregnancy. To make sure your blood sugar level has returned to normal after your baby is born, your health care team wil Continue reading >>
- Women in India with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Strategy (WINGS): Methodology and development of model of care for gestational diabetes mellitus (WINGS 4)
- Leeds diabetes clinical champion raises awareness of gestational diabetes for World Diabetes Day
- Gestational Diabetes: The Overlooked Form of Diabetes
Gestational Diabetes
KEY POINTS Most pregnant women get a test for gestational diabetes at 24 to 28 weeks of pregnancy. If untreated, gestational diabetes can cause problems for your baby, like premature birth and stillbirth. Gestational diabetes usually goes away after you have your baby; but if you have it, you’re more likely to develop diabetes later in life. Talk to your health care provider about what you can do to reduce your risk for gestational diabetes and help prevent diabetes in the future. What is gestational diabetes? Gestational diabetes (also called gestational diabetes mellitus or GDM) is a kind of diabetes that can happen during pregnancy. Seven out of every 100 pregnant women (7 percent) develop gestational diabetes. It’s a condition in which your body has too much sugar (called glucose) in the blood. When you eat, your body breaks down sugar and starches from food into glucose to use for energy. Your pancreas (an organ behind your stomach) makes a hormone called insulin that helps your body keep the right amount of glucose in your blood. When you have diabetes, your body doesn’t make enough insulin or can’t use insulin well, so you end up with too much sugar in your blood. This can cause serious health problems, like heart disease, kidney failure and blindness. It’s really important to get treatment for diabetes to help prevent problems like these. Can gestational diabetes cause problems during pregnancy? Most of the time gestational diabetes can be controlled and treated during pregnancy to protect both you and your baby. But if not treated, it can cause problems during pregnancy, including: Preeclampsia. This is when a pregnant woman has high blood pressure and signs that some of her organs, like her kidneys and liver, may not be working properly. Signs of pre Continue reading >>
- Women in India with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Strategy (WINGS): Methodology and development of model of care for gestational diabetes mellitus (WINGS 4)
- Leeds diabetes clinical champion raises awareness of gestational diabetes for World Diabetes Day
- Gestational Diabetes: The Overlooked Form of Diabetes
Gestational Diabetes Baby Large Stomach
Gestational Diabetes Baby Large Stomach – Here is an reason regarding Gestational Diabetes Baby Large Stomach and also other things related with Gestational Diabetes And Stillbirth Statistics we provide to give you support find a very good solutions involving health details safe and also comfortable and also some associated with his additional articles. even when this is very much a conclusion regarding Gestational Diabetes Baby Large Stomach can be found on the internet, but the majority of it will be less clear and it is not correct enough. Therefore, we present a reason Gestational Diabetes Baby Large Stomach complete being a reference in your case. We hope that we present these explanation is effective for every body. Gestational diabetes only happens in the course of pregnancy. If you could have it, you may still have a very healthy baby, with help out of your doctor as well as by accomplishing simple things everyday to handle your blood glucose. Related Image Of Gestational Diabetes Baby Large Stomach After your child is created, you might not have diabetes any more. Gestational diabetes making you more likely to develop form 2 diabetes, but the idea won’t surely happen. Causes Gestational Diabetes Baby Large Stomach While in pregnancy, the placenta can make hormones that may result in a build-up of sugar within your blood. Usually, your pancreas might make enough insulin to handle that. If certainly not, your glucose levels will rise which enable it to cause gestational diabetes. Will you be at Danger? You will get gestational diabetes if: You were overweight when you got expectant. You tend to be African-American, Asian, Hispanic, or Indigenous American. Your blood glucose are higher, but not high enough to be diabetes. Diabetes runs as part of your family. Continue reading >>
Macrosomia Clinical Presentation
History Fetal macrosomia has been defined to include birth weight greater than 4000g or greater than 4500 g. [1] Macrosomia may place the mother and fetus or neonate at risk for adverse outcomes. Identification of pregnancies with antenatal risk factors for macrosomia may allow intervention to reduce the risk, to provide appropriate counseling, and to implement appropriate plans for monitoring and follow-up care during pregnancy and after delivery. Note the following: Maternal diabetes is a strong risk factor associated with giving birth to an infant that is considered large for gestational age. Pregestational and gestational diabetes result in fetal macrosomia in as many as 50% of pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes and in 40% of those complicated by type 1 diabetes mellitus. Studies of macrosomic infants of diabetic mothers reveal a greater amount of total body fat, thicker upper-extremity skin fold measurements, and smaller ratios of head to abdominal circumference than macrosomic infants of nondiabetic mothers. [5] A history of macrosomia can influence future pregnancies. Women who previously delivered a macrosomic fetus are 5-10 times more likely than women without such a history to deliver a baby considered large for gestational age the next time they become pregnant. [23] Despite these so-called risk factors for macrosomia, much of the variation in birth weights remains unexplained. Most infants who weigh more than 4500 g have no identifiable risk factors. Kim et al found that 46.8 - 61.0% of the mothers with macrosomic infants assessed in their study had none of the three primary risk factors studied, which included maternal overweight, excessive gestational weight gain and GDM. [3] Continue reading >>
Scans Reveal Babies Of Mothers With Gestational Diabetes Have More Body Fat
Babies born to mothers with gestational diabetes have more body fat at two months of age compared to babies born to healthy mothers, says new study. Scientists from Imperial College London used MRI scanning to measure body fat in 86 babies - they took these readings shortly after birth, and again when the babies were 8-12 weeks old. The research, published in the journal Diabetes Care, revealed that although babies born to mothers with gestational diabetes had no differences in body fat content at birth, by two months old they had 16 per cent more body fat compared to those born to healthy mothers. Most of the babies in the study were breast-fed. The reasons behind the differences are unknown, but possible explanations include changes in the baby's metabolism while in the womb - or even differences in the composition of breast milk in mothers with gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes affects around one in 20 pregnant women in the UK (and nearly one in ten in the US) and results in a woman's blood sugar levels becoming too high. The condition, which can be controlled with diet, exercise and medication, usually starts when the woman is around seven months pregnant. Typically, it resolves soon after giving birth - though the woman may be at elevated risk of type 2 diabetes later in life. This is the first study to show the condition causes such early changes in the baby, despite no differences at birth, explains Dr Karen Logan, lead author of the study from the Department of Medicine at Imperial: "Gestational diabetes is becoming more and more common, and babies born to these mothers are at increased risk of developing diabetes when they grow up. Therefore we need to understand what effects maternal diabetes has on the baby. "This new study suggests diabetes in the m Continue reading >>
Glycemic Control And Fetal Abdominal Circumference
Go to: Abstract Aim: To study about the correlation between the glycemic status and increase in fetal abdominal circumference in gestational diabetes patients and its relationship with fetal birth weight. Materials and Methods: Seventy-five gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients were taken up for study with duly informed consent and suggested for anthropometry profile and glycemic profile with HbA1C. Fetal abdominal circumference was measured during routine scans. The patients were followed up till delivery and the fetal birth was noted. Seventy-five gestational diabetic mothers who have attended a secondary level diabetic clinic and on regular follow-up were included in the study. Fetal abdominal circumference correlated well with fluctuating glycemic control and fetal birth weight. Keywords: Gestational diabetes mellitus, fetal abdominal circumference, glycemic control Go to: BRIEF COMMUNICATION “Indian women have an 11-fold increased risk of developing glucose tolerance during pregnancy and thereby increasing incidence of Fetal Macrosomia.” The placenta is a highly potent endocrine organ producing steroid and protein hormones, therefore strongly influences maternal carbohydrate metabolism. Glucose freely passes through the placenta, but maternal insulin does not. The fetus begins to produce insulin from the 11th gestational week. Permanent glucose oversupply to the fetus stimulates the fetal pancreatic islet cells to increase insulin production and it gradually induces their hypertrophy and hyperplasia. The mean blood glucose in normal pregnancy is 5.0-5.6 mmol/L (90-100 mg/dl). The post-prandial blood glucose level in pregnancy elevated from 7.2 to 7.8 mmol/L (130-140 mg/dl) due to the result of placental anti-insulin hormones. Glucose tolerance improves i Continue reading >>
- The effect of a low-carbohydrate, ketogenic diet versus a low-glycemic index diet on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus
- Early Glycemic Control and Magnitude of HbA1c Reduction Predict Cardiovascular Events and Mortality: Population-Based Cohort Study of 24,752 Metformin Initiators
- Association of Glycemic Variability in Type 1 Diabetes With Progression of Microvascular Outcomes in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial
Infant Of Diabetic Mother
How does Diabetes in the mother affect the baby before birth? When a mother has diabetes, her body does not control blood sugar normally. Blood sugar is controlled mainly by insulin. Normally, blood sugar rises after meals. The body responds by putting insulin into the blood stream. The insulin helps the sugar get into the body's cells that use the sugar for energy and growth. With diabetes, there is not enough insulin released by the body causing the blood sugar rise abnormally high. When a mother's blood sugar is high, so is her baby's inside her because sugar travels across the placenta to the baby. The baby's body can and does make insulin. If the blood sugar is high, the baby makes extra insulin to keep its own blood sugar normal. Diabetes may be present before pregnancy, or it may appear during pregnancy. Diabetes which occurs only during pregnancy is called "gestational diabetes" and appears after the first few months of pregnancy. In gestational diabetes, diet alone often controls the blood sugar level, but sometimes the body needs extra insulin. Diabetes which exists before pregnancy usually requires insulin and often gets worse during pregnancy. Keeping blood sugar in the normal range is very important in pregnancy. If a woman has diabetes for several years, the blood vessels in her body may be more narrow or show changes of aging. These same changes can occur in the blood vessels to the placenta. Problems of the developing baby can include: Large size. The high sugar and high insulin together may make the baby grow larger than normal. Small size. Usually when the mother has had diabetes for several years and has changes in her blood vessels. Increased risk for malformations or birth defects. This is more common when diabetes started before pregnancy and/or wh Continue reading >>
Evidence On: Induction Or C-section For A Big Baby
What is a big baby? The medical term for big baby is macrosomia, which literally means “big body.” Some researchers consider a baby to be big when it weighs 4,000 grams (8 lbs., 13 oz.) or more at birth, and others say a baby is big if it weighs 4,500 grams (9 lbs., 15 oz.) or more (Rouse et al. 1996). Babies are called “extremely large” if they are born weighing more than 5,000 grams (11 lbs.) (Hehir et al. 2015). A baby is also called “large for gestational age” if its weight is greater than the 90th percentile at birth, in other words, if it is bigger than 90% of all other babies born at that same gestational age (Rouse et al. 1996). In this Evidence Based Birth® article, we will cover the evidence on induction or C-section for big babies. Please read our Disclaimer and Terms of Use. How common are big babies? About one in ten babies is born big in the United States (U.S.). Overall, 8.7% of all babies born at 39 weeks or later weigh between 8 lbs., 13 oz., and 9 lbs., 15 oz., and 1.7% are born weighing 9 lbs., 15 oz. or more (U.S. Vital Statistics). In the table below you can see the percentages listed separately for women who are not diabetic, those who have gestational diabetes, and those who have Type I or Type II diabetes. Among women with gestational diabetes, researchers have found that the higher your blood sugar when you’re first diagnosed with gestational diabetes, the more likely you are to have a baby who is large for gestational age (Metzger et al. 2008). However, women who manage their gestational diabetes through diet, exercise, or medication, bring down their chances of having a big baby to normal levels (7%) (Landon et al. 2009). The most detailed evidence we have on typical care for big babies comes from the U.S. Listening to Mothers S Continue reading >>
