Estimated Average Glucose (eag) From Hba1c
Knowing an estimated average glucose can allow clinicians to set a goal and target for glucose levels, especially in non-compliant patients who do not check their glucose levels frequently or do not record them. Continue reading >>
Hemoglobin A1c With Estimated Average Glucose (eag)
Assay Schedule: The specific day a specimen must be received in order to make the soonest available run. Please note the assay schedules are provided as general approximations for estimating turnaround times, but are subject to change without notice. Result Turnaround Time: The ranges published for result turnaround time indicate the shortest possible turnaround time to the longest possible result turnaround time as determined by the assay schedule. Please note that the result turnaround times are provided as general approximations, do not include holiday closures and are subject to change without notice. PLEASE NOTE: Test information on this website may not apply to Clinical Trials testing. If you have questions regarding Clinical Trials testing information please contact 1-888-COVANCE, or visit the Clinical Trials website www.covance.com. Continue reading >>
The Association Between Estimated Average Glucose Levels And Fasting Plasma Glucose Levels
Go to: The level of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), also known as glycated hemoglobin, determines how well a patient's blood glucose level has been controlled over the previous 8–12 weeks. HbA1c levels help patients and doctors understand whether a particular diabetes treatment is working and whether adjustments need to be made to the treatment. Because the HbA1c level is a marker of blood glucose for the previous 60–90 days, average blood glucose levels can be estimated using HbA1c levels. Our aim in the present study was to investigate the relationship between estimated average glucose levels, as calculated by HbA1c levels, and fasting plasma glucose levels. The fasting plasma glucose levels of 3891 diabetic patient samples (1497 male, 2394 female) were obtained from the laboratory information system at the Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital in Turkey. These samples were selected from patient samples that had hemoglobin levels between 12 and 16 g/dL. The estimated glucose levels were calculated using the following formula: 28.7 x HbA1c – 46.7. Glucose and HbA1c levels were determined using hexokinase and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods, respectively. A strong positive correlation between fasting plasma glucose levels and estimated average blood glucose levels (r = 0.757, p<0.05) was observed. The difference was statistically significant. Reporting the estimated average glucose level together with the HbA1c level is believed to assist patients and doctors determine the effectiveness of blood glucose control measures. Keywords: HbA1c, Glycated hemoglobin, Diabetes mellitus, Glucose, Control Continue reading >>
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An Overview Of Estimated Average Glucose (eag)
Estimated average glucose (eAG) or "average glucose" is a newer term you may see reported by your doctor. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) introduced this term to help us translate our A1c tests into numbers that would more closely represent our daily glucose meter readings. Making Sense of eAG: Estimated Average Glucose To understand eAG, we have to begin with the A1c test (also known as glycated hemoglobin or HbA1c). The A1c test measures the amount of hemoglobin in your blood that has glucose attached to it in the red blood cells (glycated hemoglobin). It tells you what your average blood glucose control has been for the past two to three months. The problem is that the A1c test reports a percentage of total hemoglobin that is glycated hemoglobin. In other words, an A1c of 7 percent means that 7 percent of the total hemoglobin has glucose attached to it. But your glucose meter measure glucose directly in the blood in milligrams per deciliter (for example, 150 mg/dl). The two types of numbers are confusing and few of us would be able to easily translate one into the other. Researchers discovered an accurate way to calculate estimated glucose levels from the A1c results. This way we can use the same numbers we are accustomed to seeing on our daily glucose meters. Quick Reference Chart for Hemoglobin A1c to eAG Below is a quick reference guide that will help you calculate your estimated average blood glucose level from your A1c result. A1c (%) to eAG (mg/dl) 6.0% = 126 mg/dl 6.5% = 140 mg/dl 7.0% = 154 mg/dl 7.5% = 169 mg/dl 8.0% = 183 mg/dl 8.5% = 197 mg/dl 9.0% = 212 mg/dl 9.5% = 226 mg/dl 10.0% = 240 mg/dl A1c Versus Daily Monitoring While the A1c test is important for measuring your long-term blood glucose management, it can’t replace daily blood glucose te Continue reading >>
Eag (estimated Average Glucose) = Glucose Standards War
For at least three consecutive years now at the annual ADA Conference, we keep hearing about a rumored switchover from the A1c as the gold standard average glucose measurement. Instead, we'll get something new and supposedly easier to understand: a new measure that more closely reflects the mg/dL (and international mmol/l)numbers we all get on our home glucose meters. This new test is now dubbed the eAG (estimated average glucose). One of the big news announcements Scientific Sessions this week was the results of a large international study that supposedly underscores the accuracy of the eAG. In this 10-center study, 507 volunteers with diabetes had their A1c translated into eAG readings and compared with their running daily BG results, if I understood the press materials correctly. "Study investigators found a simple linear relationship," the ADA press release states. Also stated: "Patients find it difficult to relate the A1c's percentage of hemoglobin that is glycated (and a goal of under 7%) to the self-monitoring of blood glucose they do at home... To reduce confusion, researchers have conducted a major international study to demonstrate how A1c correlates with self-monitoring." The ADA is clearly pushing hard for a massive migration to the eAG, which I find incredibly odd. They've even created little red handheld calculators (shown here) that they plan to sell to physicians off their website for easier conversion of A1c values into the "simpler" eAG. You can try their online calculator HERE. One reason I find this so odd is that just last September, the Diabetes Care Coalition, a consortium backed by the ADA, JDRF and AADE, along with a half-dozen major pharma companies, launched a sweeping "Know Your A1C" public service campaign to get people aware of their A1c an Continue reading >>
What Is The Average Blood Sugar Level?
Blood sugar, or glucose, serves as the fuel your body uses to generate energy. The level of glucose in your blood remains fairly stable, slightly rising after eating and declining a small amount between meals or after exercising. Blood glucose can be measured in many ways. Some tests measure glucose directly, while others measure the amount of glucose attached to a specific protein. Video of the Day Fasting and Premeal Blood Glucose Levels The amount of glucose in the blood varies, depending on when you last ate. A fasting blood glucose level after at least 8 hours without caloric intake in a healthy, nondiabetic adult typically ranges from 70 to 99 mg/dL, according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA). People with a fasting blood glucose of 100 to 125 mg/dL are considered prediabetic, meaning the body's handling of glucose is impaired but not yet to the point of warranting a diagnosis of diabetes. A fasting blood glucose of 126 mg/dL or greater typically indicates diabetes, according to ADA criteria. Among people diagnosed with diabetes who are not pregnant, the ADA recommends a target fasting or premeal blood sugar level of 80 to 130 mg/dL. Postprandial and Oral Glucose Tolerance Levels As the blood glucose level typically increases after eating, testing after a meal -- known as a postprandial glucose level -- provides information about the body's capacity to maintain a healthy blood sugar level when challenged with a caloric load. Blood glucose levels usually peak 1 to 2 hours after beginning a meal, depending largely on the amount of carbohydrates, proteins and fat in the meal. Among healthy, nondiabetic adults a normal postprandial glucose level 2 hours after a meal is less than 140 mg/dL. For people with diabetes, the ADA generally recommends a peak postpran Continue reading >>
Glucose Mean Value [mass/volume] In Blood Estimated From Glycated Hemoglobin
LANGUAGE VARIANTS Chinese (CHINA) (From: Regenstrief-generated full translation based on part translation provided by Lin Zhang, A LOINC volunteer from China) 葡萄糖均值: 质量浓度: 时间点: 全血: 定量型: 依据糖化血红蛋白的估算法葡萄糖均值: 质量浓度: 时间点: 全血: 定量型: 依据糖化血红蛋白的估算法葡萄糖均值: 质量浓度: 时间点: 全血: 定量型: 依据糖化血红蛋白的估算法 Dutch (NETHERLANDS) (From: Regenstrief-generated full translation based on part translation provided by NVKC, Dutch Society for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, The Netherlands) geschatte gemiddelde glucose: massa/volume: moment: bloed: kwantitatief: geschat op basis van geglyceerde hemoglobinegeschatte gemiddelde glucose: massa/volume: moment: bloed: kwantitatief: geschat op basis van geglyceerde hemoglobinegeschatte gemiddelde glucose: massa/volume: moment: bloed: kwantitatief: geschat op basis van geglyceerde hemoglobine French (BELGIUM) (From: Regenstrief-generated full translation based on part translation provided by Jean M. Prevost, MD, Biopathology) Glycémie moyenne calculée: Concentration de masse: Temps ponctuel: Sang: Quantitatif: Estimé avec l'hémoglobine glyquéeGlycémie moyenne calculée: Concentration de masse: Temps ponctuel: Sang: Quantitatif: Estimé avec l'hémoglobine glyquéeGlycémie moyenne calculée: Concentration de masse: Temps ponctuel: Sang: Quantitatif: Estimé avec l'hémoglobine glyquée French (CANADA) (From: Regenstrief-generated full translation based on part translation provided by Canada Health Infoway Inc.) Glycémie moyenne calculée: Concentration de masse: Temps ponctuel: Sang: Quantitatif: Estimé avec l'hémoglobine glyquéeGlycémie moyenne calculée: Concentra Continue reading >>
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Estimated Average Glucose (eag)
An average blood glucose level, expressed in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dl), based on a person’s glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level. Estimated average glucose (eAG) is considered easier for people with diabetes and their doctors to work with than HbA1c, since it is given in the same units as everyday blood glucose readings. The HbA1c test is currently considered the best measure of overall blood glucose control and of the risk of developing diabetic complications in the future. The test measures the percentage of hemoglobin molecules in the blood that have glucose attached to them. People without diabetes typically have an HbA1c level under 6%, and the American Diabetes Association recommends that people with diabetes strive for an HbA1c level below 7% (below 6% in certain individuals). In a study recently published in the journal Diabetes Care, researchers sought to define the relationship between HbA1c and average blood glucose level. Over a period of three months, they recorded continuous glucose monitor readings and seven-times-daily blood glucose meter readings in 268 people with Type 1 diabetes, 159 with Type 2 diabetes, and 80 without diabetes. The researchers compared these data with the HbA1c levels of the participants at the end of the three-month period. Based on the relationship between the two, they designed a mathematical formula for translating HbA1c into eAG. Someday, eAG may be printed alongside HbA1c in laboratory reports. Until then, there are a few ways to calculate eAG yourself: You can log on to the American Diabetes Association’s Web site at www.diabetes.org/ag, where you’ll find a conversion calculator as well as a chart showing equivalent values of HbA1c and eAG. You can also use the formula directly, using a calculator: 28.7 x HbA1c Continue reading >>
Understanding Your Average Blood Sugar
A1c is an average of all your blood sugars. It does not tell you your blood sugar patterns. Use it only as yet another indicator of how well you’re doing. Glysolated Hemoglobin (or A1c) is a measure of your average blood glucose control over the previous three months. Glucose attaches to hemoglobin the oxygen carrying molecule in red blood cells. The glucose-hemoglobin unit is called glycosolated hemoglobin. As red blood cells live an average of three months, the glycosolated hemoglobin reflects the sugar exposure to the cells over that time. The higher the amount of glucose in the blood, the higher the percentage of hemoglobin molecules that will have glucose attached. Think of the A1c as a long-term blood glucose measure that changes very gradually as red blood cells die and are replaced by new cells. The A1c doesn’t replace self blood-glucose monitoring. Because the A1c is an average of all your blood sugars, it does not tell you your blood sugar patterns. For example, one person with frequent highs and lows can have the same A1c as another person with very stable blood sugars that don’t vary too much. So what’s the point? A1c is yet another indicator of how well you’re doing. An A1c measurement between 4-6% is considered the range that someone without diabetes will have. The American Diabetes Association goal is an A1c less than 7%. Research has shown that an A1c less than 7% lowers risk for complications. The American College of Endocrinology goal is an A1c less than 6.5%. For some people with diabetes an A1c goal of less than 6% is appropriate. Talk with your doctor about your A1c goal. Use this chart to view A1c values and comparable blood glucose values: A1c Estimated Average Glucose mg/dL 5% 97 6% 126 7% 154 8% 183 9% 212 10% 240 11% 269 12% 298 A not Continue reading >>
Translating The A1c Assay Into Estimated Average Glucose Values
Abstract OBJECTIVE—The A1C assay, expressed as the percent of hemoglobin that is glycated, measures chronic glycemia and is widely used to judge the adequacy of diabetes treatment and adjust therapy. Day-to-day management is guided by self-monitoring of capillary glucose concentrations (milligrams per deciliter or millimoles per liter). We sought to define the mathematical relationship between A1C and average glucose (AG) levels and determine whether A1C could be expressed and reported as AG in the same units as used in self-monitoring. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A total of 507 subjects, including 268 patients with type 1 diabetes, 159 with type 2 diabetes, and 80 nondiabetic subjects from 10 international centers, was included in the analyses. A1C levels obtained at the end of 3 months and measured in a central laboratory were compared with the AG levels during the previous 3 months. AG was calculated by combining weighted results from at least 2 days of continuous glucose monitoring performed four times, with seven-point daily self-monitoring of capillary (fingerstick) glucose performed at least 3 days per week. RESULTS—Approximately 2,700 glucose values were obtained by each subject during 3 months. Linear regression analysis between the A1C and AG values provided the tightest correlations (AGmg/dl = 28.7 × A1C − 46.7, R2 = 0.84, P < 0.0001), allowing calculation of an estimated average glucose (eAG) for A1C values. The linear regression equations did not differ significantly across subgroups based on age, sex, diabetes type, race/ethnicity, or smoking status. CONCLUSIONS—A1C levels can be expressed as eAG for most patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The A1C assay is widely accepted and used as the most reliable means of assessing chronic glycemia ( Continue reading >>
Why The A1c Test Is Important
The A1c is a blood test, done in a lab, that shows what your average blood sugar has been for the past 3 months. Other names for this test are glycosylated hemoglobin, glycohemoglobin, hemoglobin A1c, and HbA1c. How the A1c Test Works The glucose that the body doesn't store or use for energy stays in the blood and attaches to red blood cells, which live in the bloodstream for about 4 months. The lab test measures the amount of glucose attached to the red blood cells. The amount is the A1c and is shown as a percentage. Your A1c number can give you and your health care team a good idea of how well you've controlled your blood sugar over the previous 2 to 3 months. When you get your A1c result from a Kaiser Permanente lab, you'll also see another number called the estimated Average Glucose, or eAG. Understanding the eAG Your estimated Average Glucose (eAG) number is calculated from the result of your A1c test. Like the A1c, the eAG shows what your average blood sugars have been over the previous 2 to 3 months. Instead of a percentage, the eAG is in the same units (mg/dl) as your blood glucose meter. The chart shows the relationship between the A1c percentage and the eAG. If A1c % is: Your eAG is: 6 126 6.5 140 7 154 7.5 169 8 183 8.5 197 9 212 9.5 226 10 240 10.5 255 11 269 11.5 283 12 298 What the Numbers Mean The A1c and eAG reflect your average blood sugar over a period of time. These numbers help you and your doctor see how well your treatment plan is working. The higher your A1c and eAG numbers are, the higher your chances for having long-term health problems caused by consistently high blood sugar levels. These problems include heart attacks, strokes, kidney failure, vision problems, and numbness in your legs or feet. The lower your A1c and eAG numbers, the lower you Continue reading >>
Estimated Average Glucose: A New Term In Diabetes Control
To the Editor: Glycated or glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels have been used in planning and assessing the management of diabetic patients for the past couple of decades. Clinical trials have established the correlation between HbA1c and the development of diabetes complications and patient outcomes.1,2 HbA1c results are expressed as the percentage of hemoglobin that is glycated and reflects the average blood glucose control over a period of approximately three months. In contrast, blood glucose levels are expressed in milligrams per deciliter and are used for daily monitoring by the patient and healthcare professionals. The discrepancy between HbA1c and blood glucose level units has been problematic and has created some confusion among patients. To reduce this confusion, researchers have determined and reported a linear correlation between HbA1c and self-monitored glucose levels obtained by frequent fingerstick capillary glucose testing and continuous glucose monitoring. A mathematical relationship between the average glucose level over the preceding three months and levels of HbA1c has been established,3 resulting in the translation of HbA1c results into estimated average glucose (eAG). This approach was adopted by the American Diabetes Association (ADA).4,5 The estimated average glucose (eAG) converts the diabetic patient's HbA1c percentage point into an average blood glucose level in the units of measure seen by the patient on glucose meters for daily self-monitoring (mg/dL). Similar to HbA1c, eAG evaluates a patient's overall success at controlling glucose levels and helps patients understand the monitoring of their long-term treatment. The relationship and association between HbA1c and eAG has been supported by several studies with the largest being published Continue reading >>
Translating Hba1c Measurements Into Estimated Average Glucose Values In Pregnant Women With Diabetes
Abstract Aims/hypothesis This study aimed to examine the relationship between average glucose levels, assessed by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), and HbA1c levels in pregnant women with diabetes to determine whether calculations of standard estimated average glucose (eAG) levels from HbA1c measurements are applicable to pregnant women with diabetes. CGM data from 117 pregnant women (89 women with type 1 diabetes; 28 women with type 2 diabetes) were analysed. Average glucose levels were calculated from 5–7 day CGM profiles (mean 1275 glucose values per profile) and paired with a corresponding (±1 week) HbA1c measure. In total, 688 average glucose–HbA1c pairs were obtained across pregnancy (mean six pairs per participant). Average glucose level was used as the dependent variable in a regression model. Covariates were gestational week, study centre and HbA1c. There was a strong association between HbA1c and average glucose values in pregnancy (coefficient 0.67 [95% CI 0.57, 0.78]), i.e. a 1% (11 mmol/mol) difference in HbA1c corresponded to a 0.67 mmol/l difference in average glucose. The random effects model that included gestational week as a curvilinear (quadratic) covariate fitted best, allowing calculation of a pregnancy-specific eAG (PeAG). This showed that an HbA1c of 8.0% (64 mmol/mol) gave a PeAG of 7.4–7.7 mmol/l (depending on gestational week), compared with a standard eAG of 10.2 mmol/l. The PeAG associated with maintaining an HbA1c level of 6.0% (42 mmol/mol) during pregnancy was between 6.4 and 6.7 mmol/l, depending on gestational week. Conclusions/interpretation The HbA1c–average glucose relationship is altered by pregnancy. Routinely generated standard eAG values do not account for this difference between pregnant and non-pregnant individuals Continue reading >>
A New Number "average Glucose" Will Soon Be A Key Part Of Your Diabetes Tool Kit
From the Editor: The following article first appeared in the November 2008 issue of Diabetes Forecast. It will be of interest to anyone who keeps track of blood sugar. Here it is: So how’s your diabetes? One way to tell is by monitoring your blood glucose with a meter. By testing yourself when you wake up in the morning and before and after meals, you can get a quick look at whether your current regimen is keeping your glucose levels in the range you and your doctor have agreed is best for you. Depending on your particular situation, you may be doing this several times a day, a couple of times a week, or less frequently. The other main way your health care provider can see how you’re doing is by ordering a lab test called an A1C. Most people with diabetes get this test—which gives a rough average of your blood glucose levels for the past 2 to 3 months—two to four times a year. It’s reported as a percentage, with normal levels between 4 and 6 for people who don’t have diabetes. Pretty soon, however, another number may show up on your lab chart: the estimated average glucose, or eAG. Sound like the same thing as the A1C? It is, in a way, but the eAG will look a lot more familiar. Why another number? The new number comes in part from new research. A large international study, called the A1C-Derived Average Glucose (ADAG) study, published in Diabetes Care in August, established that the A1C does, in fact, do what scientists have long believed it does: provide an accurate test of average blood glucose. “The results of the ADAG study should give people with diabetes increased confidence that the A1C…is, indeed, a valid measurement of their average blood glucose,” says Susan McLaughlin, BS, RD, CDE, CPT. McLaughlin, who is president-elect of health care and e Continue reading >>
Eag: Estimated Average Glucose Levels
The American Diabetes Association (ADA) is now recommending the use of a new term in the management of diabetes called an eAG or, estimated average glucose. This new term was introduced so that healthcare providers could give their patients their A1c data in the same units used when self-monitoring blood sugar, which is either mg/dL in the USA or mmol/L in most of the rest of the world. Your A1c test result is expressed in percentage values, such as a 7%. That 7% A1c test result correlates to a 154 mg/dL (or 8.6mmol/L), which is the measurement used when you test your blood sugar with your meter. To understand your A1c, be sure to read HbA1c: Everything You Need to Know.. So if you got an A1c test result of 7% then your eAG is 154 mg/dL (8.6mmol/L). This means your average blood sugar level over the past 2-3 months comes to 154 mg/dL (8.6mmol/L). The below chart shows the correlating eAG level for different A1c results. A1C% eAG mg/dL eAG mmol/L 6 126 7.0 6.5 140 7.8 7 154 8.6 7.5 169 9.4 8 183 10.1 8.5 197 10.9 9 212 11.8 9.5 226 12.6 10 240 13.4 10.5 255 14.1 11 269 14.9 11.5 283 15.7 12 298 16.5 12.5 312 17.3 13 326 18.1 13.5 341 18.9 14 355 19.7 14.5 369 20.5 15 384 21.3 What Does an eAG Mean? Now if your A1c is 7% this doesn’t necessarily mean that at any point during the past 2-3 months your blood sugar was 154 mg/dL (8.6 mmol/L). Hypothetically speaking, let’s say you tested your blood sugar every minute of every day and night for 2-3 months. If you then averaged together every single one of those readings, then that would be your eAG. The important thing to note about your eAG and A1c is that while this information is very useful to gain an overall idea of your diabetes management, it is one piece of the puzzle regarding your blood sugar levels. It is entire Continue reading >>
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