Diabetes Mellitus And Heart Failure
Login or register to view PDF. View eJournal Order reprints Diabetes mellitus and heart failure are two multifaceted entities characterised by high morbidity and mortality. Early epidemiological and prospective studies have observed the frequent co-existence of both conditions. Importantly, diabetes mellitus can precipitate or worsen heart failure due to the accumulation of advanced glycation end products, oxidative stress, inflammatory status impairment, decay of intracellular calcium, changes in microRNAs expression, not to mention atherosclerosis progression and coronary artery disease. Heart failure also impairs glucose metabolism through less well-known mechanisms. Attention must especially be given in the treatment as there are frequently adverse interactions between the two diseases and novel agents against diabetic cardiomyopathy are under investigation. As several missing links still exist in the connection between heart failure and diabetes mellitus we will review, in this article, the most recent data underlying the interaction of them and provide an overview of the most important clinical perspectives. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of diseases characterised by metabolic disturbances with increasing prevalence worldwide.1 Individuals with DM present several detrimental micro- and macrovascular complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease.2,3 Accordingly, efforts for early diagnosis and appropriate management are of ultimate importance. Despite the emphasis by clinicians in the prompt control of DM several cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, etc., have been linked to impaired glucose management.4 Recently, the awareness in the sc Continue reading >>
Diabetes Mellitus And Cardiovascular Disease In Women
Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease in Women Copyright 1998 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved. Applicable FARS/DFARS Restrictions Apply to Government Use.1998 Arch Intern Med. 1998;158(6):617-621. doi:10.1001/archinte.158.6.617 Background Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in women in the United States. Although CHD is less common in premenopausal women than in men, this difference begins to disappear after the onset of menopause, presumably related to reduced levels of female sex hormones. Results An association between both a postmenopausal increase in blood pressure and CHD that coincide with loss of ovarian function suggests that estrogen and/or progesterone may be protective against hypertension and CHD. Diabetes removes the normal sex difference in the prevalence of CHD. Increased mortality in women with CHD and diabetes compared with women without diabetes has been observed in epidemiological studies. Conclusions Diabetes appears to obviate the protective effects of female sex hormones. Possible reasons for this catastrophic effect of diabetes in women are discussed. WHILE coronary heart disease (CHD) has generally been considered a disease affecting men, the World Health Organization in 1990 1 reported that heart disease is the leading cause of death for women of all ages in the United States. This disease accounts for nearly 30% of all deaths among women. 2 , 3 The incidence of CHD in women rises exponentially with age in industrialized, westernized societies. 4 Below the age of 55 years, the incidence of CHD in women is one third that of men; however, this ratio approaches unity at age 75 years. Indeed, more than a quarter of a million women aged 50 through 79 years die of CHD in the United St Continue reading >>
- Postprandial Blood Glucose Is a Stronger Predictor of Cardiovascular Events Than Fasting Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Particularly in Women: Lessons from the San Luigi Gonzaga Diabetes Study
- Women in India with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Strategy (WINGS): Methodology and development of model of care for gestational diabetes mellitus (WINGS 4)
- Impact of menopause and diabetes on atherogenic lipid profile: is it worth to analyse lipoprotein subfractions to assess cardiovascular risk in women?
Do Non-insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus And Cardiovascular Disease Share Common Antecedents?
Risks of Intensive Management of NIDDM: The Insulin Hypothesis |1 January 1996 Do Non-Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease Share Common Antecedents? Author, Article, and Disclosure Information Copyright 2004 by the American College of Physicians From the University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas. For the current author address, see end of text.Note: This article is one of a series of articles comprising an Annals of Internal Medicine supplement entitled Risks and Benefits of Intensive Management in Non-Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus: The Fifth Regenstrief Conference. To view a complete list of the articles included in this supplement, please view its Table of Contents.Requests for Reprints: Michael Stern, MD, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78284. Recent evidence suggests that noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and cardiovascular disease, rather than being related as underlying disease and complication, share common genetic and environmental antecedents, that is, they spring from the same soil. Fetal and early-life nutritional deficiencies appear to predispose persons to both NIDDM and cardiovascular disease in later life. The insulin resistance syndrome, including abdominal obesity, may constitute the intermediate link between fetal and early-life nutritional deficiency and later disease. The insulin resistance syndrome includes insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia with high triglyceride and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and hypertension. Each element of the insulin resistance syndrome has been firmly established as a risk factor for development of diabetes. In addition, most of the Continue reading >>
- American Diabetes Association® Releases 2018 Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes, with Notable New Recommendations for People with Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes
- Conjoint Associations of Gestational Diabetes and Hypertension With Diabetes, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Disease in Parents: A Retrospective Cohort Study
- Are You at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Learn Common—and Not So Common—Risk Factors
Diabetes Mellitus And Cardiovascular Disease
, Volume 29, Issue5 , pp 456462 | Cite as Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease As a result of an aging, increasingly obese, and decreasingly physically active population, the global incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing. While little can be done to influence the contribution of aging to the increasing global prevalence of diabetes, opportunities abound to develop effective interventions with regard to diet, exercise and obesity to prevent type 2 DM and more importantly, diabetes-associated complications. The major cause of morbidity and mortality from diabetes is from atherosclerotic macrovascular diseaseincluding peripheral, cerebrovascular, and coronary artery disease. The markedly increased risk for cardiovascular disease associated with diabetes compound medical and public health challenges in the face of the burgeoning global epidemic of diabetes and will inevitably strain healthcare resources. Although the cardiovascular benefits of glycemic control have yet to be clearly established, a number of therapeutic interventions improve cardiovascular risk among the high-risk cohort of patients with diabetes. The development of new strategies targeting both primary prevention of diabetes and the prevention of diabetic complications will remain important research and clinical objectives. Great advances are being made in the realm of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and there is much optimism for the future. Diabetes mellitusCardiovascular diseaseEvidence-based medicine Diabetes mellitus und Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen. Die Bchse der Pandora wurde geffnet Als Resultat einer alternden, zunehmend bergewichtigen und immer weniger krperlich aktiven Bevlkerung steigen die globale Inzidenz und Prvalenz des Typ-2-Diabetes kontinuierl Continue reading >>
- American Diabetes Association® Releases 2018 Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes, with Notable New Recommendations for People with Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes
- Conjoint Associations of Gestational Diabetes and Hypertension With Diabetes, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Disease in Parents: A Retrospective Cohort Study
- Mortality and Cardiovascular Disease in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus And Cardiovascular Disease
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association and American Diabetes Association *The input provided by Dr. Fox is from her own perspective, and the opinions expressed in this article do not reflect the view of the National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, or the US government. Despite the known higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), the pathophysiology underlying the relationship between cardiovascular events, CVD risk factors, and T1DM is not well understood. Management approaches to CVD reduction have been extrapolated in large part from experience in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), despite the longer duration of disease in T1DM than in T2DM and the important differences in the underlying pathophysiology. Furthermore, the phenotype of T1DM is changing. As a result of the findings of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT), which compared intensive glycemic control with usual care, and its follow-up observational study, Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC), intensive management of diabetes mellitus (DM) has become the standard of care and has led to increasing longevity. However, our understanding of CVD in T1DM comes in large part from the previous era of less intensive glycemic control. More intensive glycemic control is associated with significant risk of weight gain, which may be magnified by the obesity epidemic. There is growing interest in better understanding the adverse effects of glycemia, the prevalence and type of lipid abnormalities in T1DM, the prognostic role of albuminuria and renal insufficiency, and the role of blood pressure (BP) in CVD. Obesity-associated Continue reading >>
- Mortality and Cardiovascular Disease in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
- Postprandial Blood Glucose Is a Stronger Predictor of Cardiovascular Events Than Fasting Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Particularly in Women: Lessons from the San Luigi Gonzaga Diabetes Study
- American Diabetes Association® Releases 2018 Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes, with Notable New Recommendations for People with Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus And Cardiovascular Disease In Spain: A Narrative Review
Rev Esp Cardiol. 2008;8(Supl C):50-8 - Vol. 8 Num.Supl.C Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease in Spain: A Narrative Review Rubn Hernez a, Hctor Bueno b, Adrin V Hernndez c a Department of Cardiology. Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maran. Madrid. Spain. b Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Baltimore. MD. USA. c Department of Quantitative Health Sciences. Cleveland Clinic. Cleveland. OH. USA. and Clinical Epidemiology Unit. Department of Cardiology. Thoraxcentre. Erasmus Medical Centre. Rotterdam. The Netherlands. Diabetes mellitus. Cardiovascular disease. Prevention. Epidemiology. Spain. Introduction. In spite of having a high prevalence of diabetes mellitus the prevalence of ischemic heart disease is low in Spain. Methods. A narrative review of the bibliography was performed to search for potential particularities in the epidemiology, pathogenecity, and care of diabetes mellitus in Spain. Results. The age-adjusted prevalence of diabetes in Spain is close to 10% (90% type 2) ranging from 6.1% to 13.3% (higher in Canary Islands), with an increased North-to-South gradient. Men have a 27%-42% higher prevalence than women. The incidence ranges from 5 to 8 cases per 1000 inhabitants-year. Spanish patients with diabetes have similar incidences and prevalences of cardiovascular complications and related mortality compared with those reported in other countries. Several studies have shown a consistent underuse of preventive therapies both in patients with and without cardiovascular diseases, and low rates of achievement of therapeutic goals. Despite their much worse prognosis, and contrary to current recommendations, diabetic patients with acute vascular events are not treated differently compared with non-diabet Continue reading >>
- Mortality and Cardiovascular Disease in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
- Postprandial Blood Glucose Is a Stronger Predictor of Cardiovascular Events Than Fasting Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Particularly in Women: Lessons from the San Luigi Gonzaga Diabetes Study
- American Diabetes Association® Releases 2018 Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes, with Notable New Recommendations for People with Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus: A Cardiovascular Disease.
Diabetes mellitus: a cardiovascular disease. Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Lipoproteins, Baker Heart Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 8008, Australia. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). The pathophysiology of CVD in diabetes involves traditional and novel cardiac risk factors, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, genetic factors, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia, metabolic abnormalities, oxidative/glycoxidative stress, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, a procoagulant state and myocardial fibrosis. Specific vascular, myopathic and neuropathic alterations have been suggested to be responsible for the excessive cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in diabetes. These alterations manifest themselves clinically as coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure and/or sudden cardiac death. In order to contain the emerging epidemic of CVD in DM, diabetic patients should ideally have excellent glycemic control, a low normal blood pressure and low levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and be taking an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and aspirin, which may go some way to containing the emerging epidemic of CVD in DM. Continue reading >>
- American Diabetes Association® Releases 2018 Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes, with Notable New Recommendations for People with Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes
- Conjoint Associations of Gestational Diabetes and Hypertension With Diabetes, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Disease in Parents: A Retrospective Cohort Study
- Postprandial Blood Glucose Is a Stronger Predictor of Cardiovascular Events Than Fasting Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Particularly in Women: Lessons from the San Luigi Gonzaga Diabetes Study
Heart Disease And Diabetes
Heart disease is common in people with diabetes. Data from the National Heart Association from 2012 shows 65% of people with diabetes will die from some sort of heart disease or stroke. In general, the risk of heart disease death and stroke are twice as high in people with diabetes. While all people with diabetes have an increased chance of developing heart disease, the condition is more common in those with type 2 diabetes. In fact, heart disease is the number one cause of death among people with type 2 diabetes. The Framingham Study was one of the first pieces of evidence to show that people with diabetes are more vulnerable to heart disease than those people who did not have diabetes. The Framingham Study looked at generations of people, including those with diabetes, to try to determine the health risk factors for developing heart disease. It showed that multiple health factors -- including diabetes -- could increase the possibility of developing heart disease. Aside from diabetes, other health problems associated with heart disease include high blood pressure, smoking, high cholesterol levels, and a family history of early heart disease. The more health risks factors a person has for heart disease, the higher the chances that they will develop heart disease and even die from it. Just like anyone else, people with diabetes have an increased risk of dying from heart disease if they have more health risk factors. However, the probability of dying from heart disease is 2 to 4 times higher in a person with diabetes. So, while a person with one health risk factor, such as high blood pressure, may have a certain chance of dying from heart disease, a person with diabetes has double or even quadruple the risk of dying. For example, one medical study found that people with d Continue reading >>
Clinical Update: Cardiovascular Disease In Diabetes Mellitus
Clinical Update: Cardiovascular Disease in Diabetes Mellitus Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease and Heart Failure in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mechanisms, Management, and Clinical Considerations MDFrom Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (C.C.L.); CPC Clinical Research, Aurora, CO (C.C.L., C.N.H., W.R.H.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (C.N.H., W.R.H.); Joslin Diabetes Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (A.B.G.). From Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (C.C.L.); CPC Clinical Research, Aurora, CO (C.C.L., C.N.H., W.R.H.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (C.N.H., W.R.H.); Joslin Diabetes Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (A.B.G.). From Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (C.C.L.); CPC Clinical Research, Aurora, CO (C.C.L., C.N.H., W.R.H.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (C.N.H., W.R.H.); Joslin Diabetes Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (A.B.G.). From Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (C.C.L.); CPC Clinical Research, Aurora, CO (C.C.L., C.N.H., W.R.H.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (C.N.H., W.R.H.); Joslin Diabetes Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (A.B.G.). From Division of Endocrinology, Dia Continue reading >>
- American Diabetes Association® Releases 2018 Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes, with Notable New Recommendations for People with Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes
- Conjoint Associations of Gestational Diabetes and Hypertension With Diabetes, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Disease in Parents: A Retrospective Cohort Study
- Postprandial Blood Glucose Is a Stronger Predictor of Cardiovascular Events Than Fasting Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Particularly in Women: Lessons from the San Luigi Gonzaga Diabetes Study
Impact Of Diabetes On Cardiovascular Disease: An Update
Copyright © 2013 Alessandra Saldanha de Mattos Matheus et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Cardiovascular diseases are the most prevalent cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. The proposed mechanisms that can link accelerated atherosclerosis and increased cardiovascular risk in this population are poorly understood. It has been suggested that an association between hyperglycemia and intracellular metabolic changes can result in oxidative stress, low-grade inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Recently, epigenetic factors by different types of reactions are known to be responsible for the interaction between genes and environment and for this reason can also account for the association between diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The impact of clinical factors that may coexist with diabetes such as obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension are also discussed. Furthermore, evidence that justify screening for subclinical atherosclerosis in asymptomatic patients is controversial and is also matter of this review. The purpose of this paper is to describe the association between poor glycemic control, oxidative stress, markers of insulin resistance, and of low-grade inflammation that have been suggested as putative factors linking diabetes and cardiovascular disease. 1. Introduction Diabetes is an important chronic disease which incidence is globally increasing and though considered as an epidemic [1]. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated there were 30 million people who had diabetes worldwide in 1985. This number increased to 135 Continue reading >>
- Impact of metformin on cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis of randomised trials among people with type 2 diabetes
- Impact of menopause and diabetes on atherogenic lipid profile: is it worth to analyse lipoprotein subfractions to assess cardiovascular risk in women?
- American Diabetes Association® Releases 2018 Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes, with Notable New Recommendations for People with Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes
Periodontitis, Diabetes Mellitus, Cardiovascular Disease
Periodontitis, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease The research presented in this thesis contributes to the understanding of the complex relationship between periodontitis and diabetes mellitus (DM), and periodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD). It was observed that a substantial number of suspected new DM patients could be found in patients with periodontitis. Furthermore, periodontitis patients showed increased C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and more arterial stiffness compared to controls, reflecting an increased atherosclerotic profile and risk for ACVD. Moreover, periodontal treatment improves the levels of molecular and clinical biomarkers for metabolic regulation and atherosclerosis. However, patient characteristics, such as genetics, lifestyle and the presence of co-morbidities contribute to the complexity of this relationship. Based on these observations and in agreement with a recent consensus report of the joint EFP/AAP workshop on periodontitis and systemic diseases, it is recommend that cardiologists, diabetologists and family physicians ask their patients to be screened by dental care professionals for the presence of periodontitis. If so, these patients should undergo periodontal therapy, which helps to improve their metabolic status and lower their cardiovascular risk profile. This again may reduce the risk for future occurrence of ACVD and DM related complications. In addition, it is proposed that periodontists should consider that their patients with severe periodontitis may have DM. Referral to the family physician or perhaps future point of care testing devices may help with this. When a new case of DM is identified, treatment to improve metabolic status can be initiated. Reciprocally, this will contribute to a successf Continue reading >>
Coronary Artery Disease And Diabetes Mellitus - Sciencedirect
Volume 11, Issue 4 , August 2016, Pages 330-338 Coronary artery disease and diabetes mellitus Author links open overlay panel Mansour M.Al-NozhaFACCa Diabetes mellitus (DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD) are closely related. DM is a risk factor for CAD, but it is also equivalent to established CAD. The prevalence of DM and CAD is growing primarily due to the rising prevalence of obesity. The rapidly changing life style, especially in developing countries, plays major role in the occurrence of these diseases. We performed a literature review to summarize and explore the relationship between CAD and DM with a special focus on Arab countries in terms of risk factors and prevalence. We suggest future directions to prevent escalation in the incidence of DM and CAD in Arab countries. An important part of any preventive program for CAD should include clear prevention strategies for DM and other associated metabolic risk factors, such as obesity. Preventive measures, such as physical exercise in high-risk groups, at the population level should be encouraged. Continue reading >>
- Unprocessed Red and Processed Meats and Risk of Coronary Artery Disease and Type 2 Diabetes An Updated Review of the Evidence
- Genetic Association of Waist-to-Hip Ratio With Cardiometabolic Traits, Type 2 Diabetes, and Coronary Heart Disease
- Should Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Take Aspirin to Prevent Stroke and Coronary Events?
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus And Cardiovascular Disease: Genetic And Epigenetic Links
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease: Genetic and Epigenetic Links We are experimenting with display styles that make it easier to read articles in PMC. The ePub format uses eBook readers, which have several "ease of reading" features already built in. The ePub format is best viewed in the iBooks reader. You may notice problems with the display of certain parts of an article in other eReaders. Generating an ePub file may take a long time, please be patient. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease: Genetic and Epigenetic Links Salvatore De Rosa, Biagio Arcidiacono, [...], and Daniela P. Foti Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common metabolic disorder predisposing to diabetic cardiomyopathy and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), which could lead to heart failure through a variety of mechanisms, including myocardial infarction and chronic pressure overload. Pathogenetic mechanisms, mainly linked to hyperglycemia and chronic sustained hyperinsulinemia, include changes in metabolic profiles, intracellular signaling pathways, energy production, redox status, increased susceptibility to ischemia, and extracellular matrix remodeling. The close relationship between type 2 DM and CVD has led to the common soil hypothesis, postulating that both conditions share common genetic and environmental factors influencing this association. However, although the common risk factors of both CVD and type 2 DM, such as obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and thrombophilia, can be identified in the majority of affected patients, less is known about how these factors influence both conditions, so that efforts are still needed for a more comprehensive understanding of this relationship. The genetic, epigenetic, and environmental backgro Continue reading >>
Diabetes And Cardiovascular Disease: Epidemiology, Biological Mechanisms, Treatment Recommendations And Future Research
Diabetes and cardiovascular disease: Epidemiology, biological mechanisms, treatment recommendations and future research Benjamin M Leon, Department of Education, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, United States Thomas M Maddox, Cardiology 111b, VA Eastern Colorado HCS, Denver, CO 80220, United States Author contributions: Leon BM and Maddox TM organized, wrote and edited the review article. Correspondence to: Thomas M Maddox, MD, MSc, Cardiology 111b, VA Eastern Colorado HCS, 1055 Clermont St, Denver, CO 80220, United States. [email protected] Telephone: +1-303-3932826 Fax: +1-303-3935054 Received 2014 Oct 26; Revised 2015 Aug 2; Accepted 2015 Sep 16. Copyright The Author(s) 2015. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. This article has been cited by other articles in PMC. The incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to rise and has quickly become one of the most prevalent and costly chronic diseases worldwide. A close link exists between DM and cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is the most prevalent cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Cardiovascular (CV) risk factors such as obesity, hypertension and dyslipidemia are common in patients with DM, placing them at increased risk for cardiac events. In addition, many studies have found biological mechanisms associated with DM that independently increase the risk of CVD in diabetic patients. Therefore, targeting CV risk factors in patients with DM is critical to minimize the long-term CV complications of the disease. This paper summarizes the relationship between diabetes and CVD, examines possible mechanisms of disease progression, discusses current treatment recommendations, and outlines future research directions. Keywords: Diabetes mellitu Continue reading >>
- American Diabetes Association® Releases 2018 Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes, with Notable New Recommendations for People with Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes
- UAlberta research may provide solutions for the future treatment of diabetes and insulin resistance
- Conjoint Associations of Gestational Diabetes and Hypertension With Diabetes, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Disease in Parents: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Cardiovascular Disease And Diabetes
The following statistics speak loud and clear that there is a strong correlation between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes. At least 68 percent of people age 65 or olderwith diabetes die from some form of heart disease; and 16% die of stroke. Adults with diabetes are two to four times more likely to die from heart disease than adults without diabetes. The American Heart Association considers diabetes to be one of theseven major controllable risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Why are people with diabetes at increased risk for CVD? Diabetes is treatable, but even when glucose levels are under control it greatly increases the risk of heart disease and stroke. That's because people with diabetes, particularly type 2 diabetes,may have the following conditions that contribute to their risk for developing cardiovascular disease. High blood pressure has long been recognized as a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Studies report a positive association between hypertension and insulin resistance. When patients have both hypertension and diabetes, which is a common combination, their risk for cardiovascular disease doubles. Abnormal cholesterol and high triglycerides Patients with diabetes often have unhealthy cholesterol levels including high LDL ("bad") cholesterol, low HDL ("good") cholesterol, and high triglycerides. This triad of poor lipid counts often occurs in patients with premature coronary heart disease. It is also characteristic of a lipid disorder associated with insulin resistance called atherogenic dyslipidemia, or diabetic dyslipidemia in those patients with diabetes. Learn more about cholesterol abnormalities as they relate to diabetes. Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and has been strongly associated with insulin Continue reading >>
- American Diabetes Association® Releases 2018 Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes, with Notable New Recommendations for People with Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes
- Conjoint Associations of Gestational Diabetes and Hypertension With Diabetes, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Disease in Parents: A Retrospective Cohort Study
- Mortality and Cardiovascular Disease in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
